Company TAP Vietnam International Investment Joint Stock Company (TAP Vietnam) is a company specialized in providing steel pipe products, including ASME and ANSI B36.10 and B36.19 standard steel pipes.
The ASME standard is an international standard for the design, manufacture, and testing of components in boiler and pressure systems. This standard was developed by the American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME) and is widely used worldwide.
The ANSI B36.10 and B36.19 standards both relate to the size and quality standards of steel pipes. ANSI B36.10 focuses on steel pipes used in industrial pipeline applications, while ANSI B36.19 focuses on steel pipes not used in industrial and medical applications.
TAP Vietnam provides these standard pipes to meet the needs of customers in various fields, including construction, oil and gas, chemicals, energy, and many other industries.
Standards: ASME B36.10 and ANSI B36.10
The ASME and ANSI B36.10 steel standards are important standards in the production of steel pipes with the correct size and quality.
ASME stands for the American Society of Mechanical Engineers, a professional organization that manages technical standards and guidance. Meanwhile, ANSI stands for the American National Standards Institute, a non-governmental organization that regulates and completes the development of national standards in the United States.
The ASME and ANSI B36.10 standards address the size, thickness, and weight of steel pipes produced for various applications. It includes detailed specifications for various types of steel pipes, such as round pipes, square pipes, rectangular pipes, elliptical pipes, and more. This standard also specifies general requirements for materials, wall thickness, and other technical specifications to ensure that steel pipes produced meet quality and safety standards.
Filtering the ASME and ANSI B36.10 standards is essential in ensuring the quality and all steel pipes used in industrial and construction applications.
Standards: ASME and ANSI B36.19
The ASME and ANSI B36.19 standards are important standards in the production of stainless steel pipes.
ASME stands for the American Society of Mechanical Engineers, a professional organization that manages technical standards and guidance. Meanwhile, ANSI stands for the American National Standards Institute, a non-governmental organization that regulates and completes the development of national standards in the United States.
The ASME and ANSI B36.19 standards are important in the production of stainless steel pipes. They specify the dimensions, tolerances, and material requirements for various types of stainless steel pipes. These standards ensure that stainless steel pipes produced meet the quality and safety standards required for use in various industries.
The TAP Vietnam International Investment Corporation (TAP Vietnam) is a company specialized in providing steel pipe products, including ASME and ANSI B36.10 and B36.19 standard steel pipes.
ASME standard is an international standard for the design, manufacture and testing of components in boiler and pressure systems. This standard was developed by the American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME) and is widely used worldwide.
The ANSI B36.10 and B36.19 standards relate to the size and quality standards of steel pipes. ANSI B36.10 focuses on steel pipes used in industrial pipeline applications, while ANSI B36.19 focuses on steel pipes that are not used in industrial and medical applications.
TAP Vietnam provides these standard steel pipes to meet the needs of customers in various fields, including construction, oil and gas, chemicals, energy, and many other industries.
ASME B36.10 and ANSI B36.10 standards
The ASME and ANSI B36.10 steel pipe standards are important standards in producing steel pipes with the correct size and quality.
ASME stands for the American Society of Mechanical Engineers, a professional organization that manages technical standards and guidelines. Meanwhile, ANSI stands for the American National Standards Institute, a non-governmental organization that regulates and finalizes the development of national standards in the United States.
The ASME and ANSI B36.10 standards address the size, thickness, and weight of steel pipes produced for different applications. It includes detailed technical specifications for various types of steel pipes, such as round pipes, square pipes, rectangular pipes, elliptical pipes, etc. This standard also specifies general requirements for materials, wall thickness, and other technical specifications to ensure that steel pipes are produced to meet quality and safety standards.
Filtering the ASME and ANSI B36.10 standards is very important in ensuring the quality and integrity of all steel pipes used in industrial and construction applications.
ASME and ANSI B36.19 standards
The ASME and ANSI B36.19 standards are important standards in producing stainless steel pipes.
ASME stands for the American Society of Mechanical Engineers, a professional organization that manages technical standards and guidelines. Meanwhile, ANSI stands for the American National Standards Institute, a non-governmental organization that regulates and finalizes the development of national standards in the United States.
The ASME and ANSI B36.19 standards are important in producing stainless steel pipes. They specify the dimensions and tolerances of stainless steel pipes for various applications. These standards also cover other technical specifications such as material requirements, heat treatment, and testing requirements to ensure that stainless steel pipes are produced to meet quality and safety standards.
Dimensions of Welded and Seamless Stainless Steel Pipe and Nominal Weights of Steel Pipe | ||||||||||||||||||
Stainless steel pipe | ASME B36.19M | |||||||||||||||||
SCOPE This Standard covers the standardization of dimensions of welded and seamless wrought stainless steel pipe for high or low temperatures and pressures. The word pipe is used, as distinguished from tube, to apply to tubular products of dimensions commonly used for pipeline and piping systems. Pipes NPS 12 (DN 300) and smaller have outside diameters numerically larger than their corresponding sizes. In contrast, the outside diameters of tubes are numerically identical to the size number for all sizes. The wall thicknesses for NPS 14 through 22, inclusive (DN 350–550, inclusive), of Schedule 10S; NPS 12 (DN 300) of Schedule 40S; and NPS 10 and 12 (DN 250 and 300) of Schedule 80S are not the same as those of ASME B36.10M. The suffix “S” in the schedule number is used to differentiate B36.19M pipe from B36.10M pipe. ASME B36.10M includes other pipe thicknesses that are also commercially available with stainless steel material. |
SIZE The size of all pipe in Table 1 is identified by the nominal pipe size. The manufacture of pipe NPS 1⁄8 (DN 6) through NPS 12 (DN 300), inclusive, is based on a standardized outside diameter (OD). This OD was originally selected so that pipe with a standard OD and having a wall thickness that was typical of the period would have an inside diameter (ID) approximately equal to the nominal size. Although there is no such relation between the existing standard thicknesses — OD and nominal size — these nominal sizes and standard ODs continue in use as “standard.” The manufacture of pipe NPS 14 (DN 350) and larger proceeds on the basis of an OD corresponding to the nominal size. |
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MATERIALS The dimensional standards for pipe described here are for products covered in ASTM specifications. |
WALL THICKNESS The nominal wall thicknesses are given in Table 1. |
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5 WEIGHTS The nominal weights1 of steel pipe are calculated values and are tabulated in Table 1. (a) The nominal plain end weight, in pounds per foot, is calculated using the following formula: W pe p 10.69(D − t)t where D p outside diameter to the nearest 0.001 in. (the symbol D is used for OD only in mathematical equations or formulas) W pe p nominal plain end weight, rounded to the nearest 0.01 lb/ft t p specified wall thickness, rounded to the nearest 0.001 in. (b) The nominal plain end mass, in kilograms per meter, is calculated using the following formula: W pe p 0.0246615(D − t)t where D p outside diameter to the nearest 0.1 mm for outside diameters that are 16 in. (406.4 mm) and smaller, and 1.0 mm for outside diameters larger than 16 in. (the symbol D is used for OD only in mathematical equations or formulas) W pe p nominal plain end mass, rounded to the nearest 0.01 kg/m t p specified wall thickness, rounded to the nearest 0.01 mm |
PERMISSIBLE VARIATIONS Variations in dimensions differ depending upon the method of manufacture employed in making the pipe to the various specifications available. Permissible variations for dimensions are indicated in each specification. |
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PIPE THREADS Unless otherwise specified, the threads of threaded pipe shall conform to ANSI / ASME B1.20.1, Pipe Threads, General Purpose (Inch). Schedules 5S and 10S wall thicknesses do not permit threading in accordance with ANSI/ASME B1.20.1. |
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WALL THICKNESS SELECTION When the selection of wall thickness depends primarily upon capacity to resist internal pressure under given conditions, the designer shall compute the exact value of wall thickness suitable for conditions for which the pipe is required, as prescribed in detail in the ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code, ASME B31 Code for Pressure Piping, or other similar code, whichever governs the construction. A thickness shall be selected from the schedules of nominal thickness contained in Table 1 to suit the value computed to fulfill the conditions for which the pipe is desired. |
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Dimensions of Welded and Seamless Stainless Steel Pipe and Nominal Weights of Steel Pipe, Plain End | ||||||||||||||||||
U.S. Customary Units | SI Units | |||||||||||||||||
Nominal Pipe Size |
Outside Diameter, in. |
Wall Thickness, in |
Plain End Weight, lb/ft |
Schedule (SCH) No. |
DN [Note] (2) |
Outside Diameter, mm |
Wall, Thickness mm |
Plain End Mass, kg/m |
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1⁄8 | 0.405 | . . . (1) | . . . | 5S | 6 | 10.3 | . . . (1) | . . . | ||||||||||
1⁄8 | 0.405 | 0.049 (1) | 0.19 | 10S | 6 | 10.3 | 1.24 (1) | 0.28 | ||||||||||
1⁄8 | 0.405 | 0.068 | 0.24 | 40S | 6 | 10.3 | 1.73 | 0.37 | ||||||||||
1⁄8 | 0.405 | 0.095 | 0.31 | 80S | 6 | 10.3 | 2.41 | 0.47 | ||||||||||
1⁄4 | 0.54 | . . . (1) | . . . | 5S | 8 | 13.7 | . . . (1) | . . . | ||||||||||
1⁄4 | 0.54 | 0.065 (1) | 0.33 | 10S | 8 | 13.7 | 1.65 (1) | 0.49 | ||||||||||
1⁄4 | 0.54 | 0.088 | 0.43 | 40S | 8 | 13.7 | 2.24 | 0.63 | ||||||||||
1⁄4 | 0.54 | 0.119 |
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80S | 8 | 13.7 | 3.02 | 0.8 | ||||||||||
3⁄8 | 0.675 | . . . (1) | . . . | 5S | 10 | 17.1 | . . . (1) | . . . | ||||||||||
3⁄8 | 0.675 | 0.065 (1) | 0.42 | 10S | 10 | 17.1 | 1.65 (1) | 0.63 | ||||||||||
3⁄8 | 0.675 | 0.091 | 0.57 | 40S | 10 | 17.1 | 2.31 | 0.84 | ||||||||||
3⁄8 | 0.675 | 0.126 | 0.74 | 80S | 10 | 17.1 | 3.2 | 1.1 | ||||||||||
1⁄2 | 0.840 | 0.065 (1) | 0.54 | 5S | 15 | 21.3 | 1.65 (1) | 0.8 | ||||||||||
1⁄2 | 0.840 | 0.083 (1) | 0.67 | 10S | 15 | 21.3 | 2.11 (1) | 1 | ||||||||||
1⁄2 | 0.840 | 0.109 | 0.85 | 40S | 15 | 21.3 | 2.77 | 1.27 | ||||||||||
1⁄2 | 0.840 | 0.147 | 1.09 | 80S | 15 | 21.3 | 3.73 | 1.62 | ||||||||||
3⁄4 | 1.050 | 0.065 (1) | 0.68 | 5S | 20 | 26.7 | 1.65 (1) | 1.02 | ||||||||||
3⁄4 | 1.050 | 0.083 (1) | 0.86 | 10S | 20 | 26.7 | 2.11 (1) | 1.28 | ||||||||||
3⁄4 | 1.050 | 0.113 | 1.13 | 40S | 20 | 26.7 | 2.87 | 1.69 | ||||||||||
3⁄4 | 1.050 | 0.154 | 1.48 | 80S | 20 | 26.7 | 3.91 | 2.2 | ||||||||||
1 | 1.315 | 0.065 (1) | 0.87 | 5S | 25 | 33.4 | 1.65 (1) | 1.29 | ||||||||||
1 | 1.315 | 0.109 (1) | 1.41 | 10S | 25 | 33.4 | 2.77 (1) | 2.09 | ||||||||||
1 | 1.315 | 0.133 | 1.68 | 40S | 25 | 33.4 | 3.38 | 2.5 | ||||||||||
1 | 1.315 | 0.179 | 2.17 | 80S | 25 | 33.4 | 4.55 | 3.24 | ||||||||||
11⁄4 | 1.66 | 0.065 (1) | 1.11 | 5S | 32 | 42.2 | 1.65 (1) | 1.65 | ||||||||||
11⁄4 | 1.66 | 0.109 (1) | 1.81 | 10S | 32 | 42.2 | 2.77 (1) | 2.69 | ||||||||||
11⁄4 | 1.66 | 0.14 | 2.27 | 40S | 32 | 42.2 | 3.56 | 3.39 | ||||||||||
11⁄4 | 1.66 | 0.191 | 3 | 80S | 32 | 42.2 | 4.85 | 4.47 | ||||||||||
11⁄2 | 1.9 | 0.065 (1) | 1.28 | 5S | 40 | 48.3 | 1.65 (1) | 1.9 | ||||||||||
11⁄2 | 1.9 | 0.109 (1) | 2.09 | 10S | 40 | 48.3 | 2.77 (1) | 3.11 | ||||||||||
11⁄2 | 1.9 | 0.145 | 2.72 | 40S | 40 | 48.3 | 3.68 | 4.05 | ||||||||||
11⁄2 | 1.9 | 0.2 | 3.63 | 80S | 40 | 48.3 | 5.08 | 5.41 | ||||||||||
2 | 2.375 | 0.065 (1) | 1.61 | 5S | 50 | 60.3 | 1.65 (1) | 2.39 | ||||||||||
2 | 2.375 | 0.109 (1) | 2.64 | 10S | 50 | 60.3 | 2.77 (1) | 3.93 | ||||||||||
2 | 2.375 | 0.154 | 3.66 | 40S | 50 | 60.3 | 3.91 | 5.44 | ||||||||||
2 | 2.375 | 0.218 | 5.03 | 80S | 50 | 60.3 | 5.54 | 7.48 | ||||||||||
21⁄2 | 2.875 | 0.083 (1) | 2.48 | 5S | 65 | 73 | 2.11 (1) | 3.69 | ||||||||||
21⁄2 | 2.875 | 0.120 (1) | 3.53 | 10S | 65 | 73 | 3.05 (1) | 5.26 | ||||||||||
21⁄2 | 2.875 | 0.203 | 5.8 | 40S | 65 | 73 | 5.16 | 8.63 | ||||||||||
21⁄2 | 2.875 | 0.276 | 7.67 | 80S | 65 | 73 | 7.01 | 11.41 | ||||||||||
3 | 3.5 | 0.083 (1) | 3.03 | 5S | 80 | 88.9 | 2.11 (1) | 4.52 | ||||||||||
3 | 3.5 | 0.120 (1) | 4.34 | 10S | 80 | 88.9 | 3.05 (1) | 6.46 | ||||||||||
3 | 3.5 | 0.216 | 7.58 | 40S | 80 | 88.9 | 5.49 | 11.29 | ||||||||||
3 | 3.5 | 0.3 | 10.26 | 80S | 80 | 88.9 | 7.62 | 15.27 | ||||||||||
31⁄2 | 4 | 0.083 (1) | 3.48 | 5S | 90 | 101.6 | 2.11 (1) | 5.18 | ||||||||||
31⁄2 | 4 | 0.120 (1) | 4.98 | 10S | 90 | 101.6 | 3.05 (1) | 7.41 | ||||||||||
31⁄2 | 4 | 0.226 | 9.12 | 40S | 90 | 101.6 | 5.74 | 13.57 | ||||||||||
31⁄2 | 4 | 0.318 | 12.52 | 80S | 90 | 101.6 | 8.08 | 18.64 | ||||||||||
4 | 4.5 | 0.083 (1) | 3.92 | 5S | 100 | 114.3 | 2.11 (1) | 5.84 | ||||||||||
4 | 4.5 | 0.120 (1) | 5.62 | 10S | 100 | 114.3 | 3.05 (1) | 8.37 | ||||||||||
4 | 4.5 | 0.237 | 10.8 | 40S | 100 | 114.3 | 6.02 | 16.08 | ||||||||||
4 | 4.5 | 0.337 | 15 | 80S | 100 | 114.3 | 8.56 | 22.32 | ||||||||||
5 | 5.563 | 0.109 (1) | 6.36 | 5S | 125 | 141.3 | 2.77 (1) | 9.46 | ||||||||||
5 | 5.563 | 0.134 (1) | 7.78 | 10S | 125 | 141.3 | 3.40 (1) | 11.56 | ||||||||||
5 | 5.563 | 0.258 | 14.63 | 40S | 125 | 141.3 | 6.55 | 21.77 | ||||||||||
5 | 5.563 | 0.375 | 20.8 | 80S | 125 | 141.3 | 9.53 | 30.97 | ||||||||||
6 | 6.625 | 0.109 (1) | 7.59 | 5S | 150 | 168.3 | 2.77 (1) | 11.31 | ||||||||||
6 | 6.625 | 0.134 (1) | 9.3 | 10S | 150 | 168.3 | 3.40 (1) | 13.83 | ||||||||||
6 | 6.625 | 0.28 | 18.99 | 40S | 150 | 168.3 | 7.11 | 28.26 | ||||||||||
6 | 6.625 | 0.432 | 28.6 | 80S | 150 | 168.3 | 10.97 | 42.56 | ||||||||||
8 | 8.625 | 0.109 (1) | 9.92 | 5S | 200 | 219.1 | 2.77 (1) | 14.78 | ||||||||||
8 | 8.625 | 0.148 (1) | 13.41 | 10S | 200 | 219.1 | 3.76 (1) | 19.97 | ||||||||||
8 | 8.625 | 0.322 | 28.58 | 40S | 200 | 219.1 | 8.18 | 42.55 | ||||||||||
8 | 8.625 | 0.5 | 43.43 | 80S | 200 | 219.1 | 12.7 | 64.64 | ||||||||||
10 | 10.75 | 0.134 (1) | 15.21 | 5S | 250 | 273.1 | 3.40 (1) | 22.61 | ||||||||||
10 | 10.75 | 0.165 (1) | 18.67 | 10S | 250 | 273.1 | 4.19 (1) | 27.79 | ||||||||||
10 | 10.75 | 0.365 | 40.52 | 40S | 250 | 273.1 | 9.27 | 60.31 | ||||||||||
10 | 10.75 | 0.500 (2) | 54.79 | 80S | 250 | 273.1 | 12.70 (2) | 81.56 | ||||||||||
12 | 12.75 | 0.156 (1) | 21 | 5S | 300 | 323.9 | 3.96 (1) | 31.25 | ||||||||||
12 | 12.75 | 0.180 (1) | 24.19 | 10S | 300 | 323.9 | 4.57 (1) | 35.99 | ||||||||||
12 | 12.75 | 0.375 (2) | 49.61 | 40S | 300 | 323.9 | 9.53 (2) | 73.88 | ||||||||||
12 | 12.75 | 0.500 (2) | 65.48 | 80S | 300 | 323.9 | 12.70 (2) | 97.47 | ||||||||||
14 | 14 | 0.156 (1) | 23.09 | 5S | 350 | 355.6 | 3.96 (1) | 34.34 | ||||||||||
14 | 14 | 0.188 (1), (2) | 27.76 | 10S | 350 | 355.6 | 4.78 (1), (2) | 41.36 | ||||||||||
14 | 14 | 0.375 (2) | 54.62 | 40S | 350 | 355.6 | 9.53 (2) | 81.33 | ||||||||||
14 | 14 | 0.500 (2) | 72.16 | 80S | 350 | 355.6 | 12.70 (2) | 107.4 | ||||||||||
16 | 16 | 0.165 (1) | 27.93 | 5S | 400 | 406.4 | 4.19 (1) | 41.56 | ||||||||||
16 | 16 | 0.188 (1), (2) | 31.78 | 10S | 400 | 406.4 | 4.78 (1), (2) | 47.34 | ||||||||||
16 | 16 | 0.375 (2) | 62.64 | 40S | 400 | 406.4 | 9.53 (2) | 93.27 | ||||||||||
16 | 16 | 0.500 (2) | 82.85 | 80S | 400 | 406.4 | 12.70 (2) | 123.31 | ||||||||||
18 | 18 | 0.165 (1) | 31.46 | 5S | 450 | 457 | 4.19 (1) | 46.79 | ||||||||||
18 | 18 | 0.188 (1), (2) | 35.8 | 10S | 450 | 457 | 4.78 (1), (2) | 53.31 | ||||||||||
18 | 18 | 0.375 (2) | 70.65 | 40S | 450 | 457 | 9.53 (2) | . . . | ||||||||||
18 | 18 | 0.500 (2) | 93.54 | 80S | 450 | 457 | 12.70 (2) | . . . | ||||||||||
20 | 20 | 0.188 (1) | 39.82 | 5S | 500 | 508 | 4.78 (1) | 59.32 | ||||||||||
20 | 20 | 0.218 (1), (2) | 46.1 | 10S | 500 | 508 | 5.54 (1), (2) | 68.65 | ||||||||||
20 | 20 | 0.375 (2) | 78.67 | 40S | 500 | 508 | 9.53 (2) | 117.15 | ||||||||||
20 | 20 | 0.500 (2) | 104.23 | 80S | 500 | 508 | 12.70 (2) | 155.13 | ||||||||||
22 | 22 | 0.188 (1) | 43.84 | 5S | 550 | 559 | 4.78 (1) | 65.33 | ||||||||||
22 | 22 | 0.218 (1), (2) | 50.76 | 10S | 550 | 559 | 5.54 (1), (2) | 75.62 | ||||||||||
22 | 22 | . . . | . . . | 40S | 550 | 559 | . . . | . . . | ||||||||||
22 | 22 | . . . | . . . | 80S | 550 | 559 | . . . | . . . | ||||||||||
24 | 24 | 0.218 (1) | 55.42 | 5S | 600 | 610 | 5.54 (1) | 82.58 | ||||||||||
24 | 24 | 0.250 (1) | 63.47 | 10S | 600 | 610 | 6.35 (1) | 94.53 | ||||||||||
24 | 24 | 0.375 (2) | 94.71 | 40S | 600 | 610 | 9.53 (2) | 141.12 | ||||||||||
24 | 24 | 0.500 (2) | 125.61 | 80S | 600 | 610 | 12.70 (2) | 187.07 | ||||||||||
30 | 30 | 0.250 (1) | 79.51 | 5S | 750 | 762 | 6.35 (1) | 118.34 | ||||||||||
30 | 30 | 0.312 (1) | 99.02 | 10S | 750 | 762 | 7.92 (1) | 147.29 | ||||||||||
30 | 30 | . . . | . . . | 40S | 750 | 762 | . . . | . . . | ||||||||||
30 | 30 | . . . | . . . | 80S | 750 | 762 | . . . | . . . | ||||||||||
GENERAL NOTES: (a) 1 in. p 25.4 mm. (b) For tolerances, see para. 6. (c) 1 lb/ft p 1.4895 kg/m. (d) Weights are given in pounds per linear foot (kilograms per meter) and are for carbon steel pipe with plain ends. (e) The different grades of stainless steel permit considerable variations in weight. The ferritic stainless steels may be about 5% less, and the austenitic stainless steels about 2% greater, than the values shown in this Table, which are based on weights for carbon steel. NOTES: (1) These wall thicknesses do not permit threading in accordance with ANSI/ASME B1.20.1. (2) These dimensions do not conform to ASME B36.10M. |
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AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARDS FOR PRODUCT SIZES | ||||||||||||||||||
The American Society Of Mechanical Engineers | American National Standards Institute | |||||||||||||||||
ASME B36.19M | ANSI B36.19M |
Dimensions and Weights of Welded and Seamless Wrought Steel Pipe | ||||||||||||||||||
Welded and Seamless Wrought Steel Pipe | ASME /ANSI B36.10M-2004 | |||||||||||||||||
SCOPE This Standard covers the standardization of dimensions of welded and seamless wrought steel pipe for high or low temperatures and pressures. The word pipe is used, as distinguished from tube, to apply to tubular products of dimensions commonly used for pipeline and piping systems. Pipe NPS 12 (DN 300) and smaller have outside diameters numerically larger than their corresponding sizes. In contrast, the outside diameters of tubes are numerically identical to the size number for all sizes. |
SIZE The size of all pipe is identified by the nominal pipe size. The manufacture of pipe NPS 1⁄8 (DN 6) to NPS 12 (DN 300), inclusive, is based on a standardized outside diameter (OD). This OD was originally selected so that pipe with a standard OD and having a wall thickness that was typical of the period would have an inside diameter (ID) approximately equal to the nominal size. Although there is no such relation between the existing standard thickness — OD and nominal size — these nominal sizes and standard ODs continue in use as ‘‘standard.’’ The manufacture of pipe NPS 14 (DN 350) and larger proceeds on the basis of an OD corresponding to the nominal size. |
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MATERIALS The dimensional standards for pipe described here are for products covered in ASTM specifications. |
WALL THICKNESS The nominal wall thicknesses are given in Table 1. |
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WEIGHTS The nominal weights of steel pipe are calculated values and are tabulated in Table 1. The nominal plain end weight, in pounds per foot, is calculated using the following formula: W pe p 10.69(D − t)t where D p outside diameter to the nearest 0.001 in. (the symbol D is to be used for OD only in mathematical equations or formulas) W pe p nominal plain end mass, rounded to the nearest 0.01 lb/ft t p specified wall thickness, rounded to the nearest 0.001 in. The nominal plain end mass, in kilograms per meter, is calculated using the following formula: W pe p 0.0246615(D − t)t where D p outside diameter to the nearest 0.1 mm for outside diameters that are 16 in. (406.4 mm) and smaller and to the nearest 1.0 mm for outside diameters larger than 16 in. (406.4 mm) (the symbol D is to be used for OD only in mathematical equations or formulas) W pe p nominal plain end mass, rounded to the nearest 0.01 kg/m t p specified wall thickness, rounded to the nearest 0.01 mm |
PERMISSIBLE VARIATIONS Variations in dimensions differ depending upon the method of manufacture employed in making the pipe to the various specifications available. Permissible variations for dimensions are indicated in each specification. |
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PIPE THREADS Unless otherwise specified, the threads of threaded pipe shall conform to ANSI / ASME B1.20.1, Pipe Threads, General Purpose (Inch). Schedules 5 and 10 wall thicknesses do not permit threading in accordance with ANSI/ASME B1.20.1. |
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WALL THICKNESS DESIGNATIONS The wall thickness designations Standard, ExtraStrong, and Double Extra-Strong have been commercially used designations for many years. As explained in the Foreword, the Schedule Numbers were subsequently added as a convenient designation for use in ordering pipe. Standard and Schedule 40 are identical for up to NPS 10 (DN 250), inclusive. All larger sizes of Standard have 3⁄8 in. (9.53 mm) wall thicknesses. Extra-Strong and Schedule 80 are identical for up to NPS 8 (DN 200), inclusive. All larger sizes of Extra-Strong have 1⁄2 in. (12.70 mm) wall thicknesses. Pipe of sizes and wall thicknesses other than those of Standard, Extra-Strong, and Double Extra-Strong, and Schedule Number were adopted from API Specification 5L. It was not considered practical to establish Schedule Numbers or new designations for them. |
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WALL THICKNESS SELECTION When the selection of wall thickness depends primarily upon capacity to resist internal pressure under given conditions, the designer shall compute the exact value of wall thickness suitable for conditions for which the pipe is required, as prescribed in detail in the ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code, ASME B31 Code for Pressure Piping, or other similar codes, whichever governs the construction. A thickness shall be selected from Table 1 to suit the value computed to fulfill the conditions for which the pipe is desired. |
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Dimensions and Weights of Welded and Seamless Wrought Steel Pipe | ||||||||||||||||||
U.S. Customary |
Identification [Standard (STD), Extra-Strong (XS), or Double Extra Strong (XXS)] |
Schedule (SCH) No. |
SI Units | |||||||||||||||
Nominal Pipe Size |
Outside Diameter, in. |
Wall Thickness, in |
Plain End Weight, lb/ft |
DN [Note] (2 |
Outside Diameter, mm |
Wall Thickness, mm |
Plain End Mass, kg/m |
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1⁄8 | 0.405 | 0.049 | 0.19 | . . . | 10 | 6 (3) | 10.3 | 1.24 | 0.28 | |||||||||
1⁄8 | 0.405 | 0.057 | 0.21 | . . . | 30 | 6 (3) | 10.3 | 1.45 | 0.32 | |||||||||
1⁄8 | 0.405 | 0.068 | 0.24 | STD | 40 | 6 (3) | 10.3 | 1.73 | 0.37 | |||||||||
1⁄8 | 0.405 | 0.095 | 0.31 | XS | 80 | 6 (3) | 10.3 | 2.41 | 0.47 | |||||||||
1⁄4 | 0.54 | 0.065 | 0.33 | . . . | 10 | 8 (3) | 13.7 | 1.65 | 0.49 | |||||||||
1⁄4 | 0.54 | 0.073 | 0.36 | . . . | 30 | 8 (3) | 13.7 | 1.85 | 0.54 | |||||||||
1⁄4 | 0.54 | 0.088 | 0.43 | STD | 40 | 8 (3) | 13.7 | 2.24 | 0.63 | |||||||||
1⁄4 | 0.54 | 0.119 | 0.54 | XS | 80 | 8 (3) | 13.7 | 3.02 | 0.8 | |||||||||
3⁄8 | 0.675 | 0.065 | 0.42 | . . . | 10 | 10 | 17.1 | 1.65 | 0.63 | |||||||||
3⁄8 | 0.675 | 0.073 | 0.47 | . . . | 30 | 10 | 17.1 | 1.85 | 0.7 | |||||||||
3⁄8 | 0.675 | 0.091 | 0.57 | STD | 40 | 10 | 17.1 | 2.31 | 0.84 | |||||||||
3⁄8 | 0.675 | 0.126 | 0.74 | XS | 80 | 10 | 17.1 | 3.2 | 1.1 | |||||||||
1⁄2 | 0.84 | 0.065 | 0.54 | . . . | 5 | 15 | 21.3 | 1.65 | 0.8 | |||||||||
1⁄2 | 0.84 | 0.083 | 0.67 | . . . | 10 | 15 | 21.3 | 2.11 | 1 | |||||||||
1⁄2 | 0.84 | 0.095 | 0.76 | . . . | 30 | 15 | 21.3 | 2.41 | 1.12 | |||||||||
1⁄2 | 0.84 | 0.109 | 0.85 | STD | 40 | 15 | 21.3 | 2.77 | 1.27 | |||||||||
1⁄2 | 0.84 | 0.147 | 1.09 | XS | 80 | 15 | 21.3 | 3.73 | 1.62 | |||||||||
1⁄2 | 0.84 | 0.188 | 1.31 | . . . | 160 | 15 | 21.3 | 4.78 | 1.95 | |||||||||
1⁄2 | 0.84 | 0.294 | 1.72 | XXS | . . . | 15 | 21.3 | 7.47 | 2.55 | |||||||||
3⁄4 | 1.05 | 0.065 | 0.69 | . . . | 5 | 20 | 26.7 | 1.65 | 1.03 | |||||||||
3⁄4 | 1.05 | 0.083 | 0.86 | . . . | 10 | 20 | 26.7 | 2.11 | 1.28 | |||||||||
3⁄4 | 1.05 | 0.095 | 0.97 | . . . | 30 | 20 | 26.7 | 2.41 | 1.44 | |||||||||
3⁄4 | 1.05 | 0.113 | 1.13 | STD | 40 | 20 | 26.7 | 2.87 | 1.69 | |||||||||
3⁄4 | 1.05 | 0.154 | 1.48 | XS | 80 | 20 | 26.7 | 3.91 | 2.2 | |||||||||
3⁄4 | 1.05 | 0.219 | 1.95 | . . . | 160 | 20 | 26.7 | 5.56 | 2.9 | |||||||||
3⁄4 | 1.05 | 0.308 | 2.44 | XXS | . . . | 20 | 26.7 | 7.82 | 3.64 | |||||||||
1 | 1.315 | 0.065 | 0.87 | . . . | 5 | 25 | 33.4 | 1.65 | 1.29 | |||||||||
1 | 1.315 | 0.109 | 1.41 | . . . | 10 | 25 | 33.4 | 2.77 | 2.09 | |||||||||
1 | 1.315 | 0.114 | 1.46 | . . . | 30 | 25 | 33.4 | 2.9 | 2.18 | |||||||||
1 | 1.315 | 0.133 | 1.68 | STD | 40 | 25 | 33.4 | 3.38 | 2.5 | |||||||||
1 | 1.315 | 0.179 | 2.17 | XS | 80 | 25 | 33.4 | 4.55 | 3.24 | |||||||||
1 | 1.315 | 0.25 | 2.85 | . . . | 160 | 25 | 33.4 | 6.35 | 4.24 | |||||||||
1 | 1.315 | 0.358 | 3.66 | XXS | . . . | 25 | 33.4 | 9.09 | 5.45 | |||||||||
11⁄4 | 1.66 | 0.065 | 1.11 | . . . | 5 | 32 | 42.2 | 1.65 | 1.65 | |||||||||
11⁄4 | 1.66 | 0.109 | 1.81 | . . . | 10 | 32 | 42.2 | 2.77 | 2.69 | |||||||||
11⁄4 | 1.66 | 0.117 | 1.93 | . . . | 30 | 32 | 42.2 | 2.97 | 2.87 | |||||||||
11⁄4 | 1.66 | 0.14 | 2.27 | STD | 40 | 32 | 42.2 | 3.56 | 3.39 | |||||||||
11⁄4 | 1.66 | 0.191 | 3 | XS | 80 | 32 | 42.2 | 4.85 | 4.47 | |||||||||
11⁄4 | 1.66 | 0.25 | 3.77 | . . . | 160 | 32 | 42.2 | 6.35 | 5.61 | |||||||||
11⁄4 | 1.66 | 0.382 | 5.22 | XXS | . . . | 32 | 42.2 | 9.7 | 7.77 | |||||||||
11⁄2 | 1.9 | 0.065 | 1.28 | . . . | 5 | 40 | 48.3 | 1.65 | 1.9 | |||||||||
11⁄2 | 1.9 | 0.109 | 2.09 | . . . | 10 | 40 | 48.3 | 2.77 | 3.11 | |||||||||
11⁄2 | 1.9 | 0.125 | 2.37 | . . . | 30 | 40 | 48.3 | 3.18 | 3.53 | |||||||||
11⁄2 | 1.9 | 0.145 | 2.72 | STD | 40 | 40 | 48.3 | 3.68 | 4.05 | |||||||||
11⁄2 | 1.9 | 0.2 | 3.63 | XS | 80 | 40 | 48.3 | 5.08 | 5.41 | |||||||||
11⁄2 | 1.9 | 0.281 | 4.86 | . . . | 160 | 40 | 48.3 | 7.14 | 7.25 | |||||||||
11⁄2 | 1.9 | 0.4 | 6.41 | XXS | . . . | 40 | 48.3 | 10.15 | 9.55 | |||||||||
2 | 2.375 | 0.065 | 1.61 | . . . | 5 | 50 | 60.3 | 1.65 | 2.39 | |||||||||
2 | 2.375 | 0.083 | 2.03 | . . . | . . . | 50 | 60.3 | 2.11 | 3.03 | |||||||||
2 | 2.375 | 0.109 | 2.64 | . . . | 10 | 50 | 60.3 | 2.77 | 3.93 | |||||||||
2 | 2.375 | 0.125 | 3.01 | . . . | 30 | 50 | 60.3 | 3.18 | 4.48 | |||||||||
2 | 2.375 | 0.141 | 3.37 | . . . | . . . | 50 | 60.3 | 3.58 | 5.01 | |||||||||
2 | 2.375 | 0.154 | 3.66 | STD | 40 | 50 | 60.3 | 3.91 | 5.44 | |||||||||
2 | 2.375 | 0.172 | 4.05 | . . . | . . . | 50 | 60.3 | 4.37 | 6.03 | |||||||||
2 | 2.375 | 0.188 | 4.4 | . . . | . . . | 50 | 60.3 | 4.78 | 6.54 | |||||||||
2 | 2.375 | 0.218 | 5.03 | XS | 80 | 50 | 60.3 | 5.54 | 7.48 | |||||||||
2 | 2.375 | 0.25 | 5.68 | . . . | . . . | 50 | 60.3 | 6.35 | 8.45 | |||||||||
2 | 2.375 | 0.281 | 6.29 | . . . | . . . | 50 | 60.3 | 7.14 | 9.36 | |||||||||
2 | 2.375 | 0.344 | 7.47 | . . . | 160 | 50 | 60.3 | 8.74 | 11.11 | |||||||||
2 | 2.375 | 0.436 | 9.04 | XXS | . . . | 50 | 60.3 | 11.07 | 13.44 | |||||||||
21⁄2 | 2.875 | 0.083 | 2.48 | . . . | 5 | 65 | 73 | 2.11 | 3.69 | |||||||||
21⁄2 | 2.875 | 0.109 | 3.22 | . . . | . . . | 65 | 73 | 2.77 | 4.8 | |||||||||
21⁄2 | 2.875 | 0.12 | 3.53 | . . . | 10 | 65 | 73 | 3.05 | 5.26 | |||||||||
21⁄2 | 2.875 | 0.125 | 3.67 | . . . | . . . | 65 | 73 | 3.18 | 5.48 | |||||||||
21⁄2 | 2.875 | 0.141 | 4.12 | . . . | . . . | 65 | 73 | 3.58 | 6.13 | |||||||||
21⁄2 | 2.875 | 0.156 | 4.53 | . . . | . . . | 65 | 73 | 3.96 | 6.74 | |||||||||
21⁄2 | 2.875 | 0.172 | 4.97 | . . . | . . . | 65 | 73 | 4.37 | 7.4 | |||||||||
21⁄2 | 2.875 | 0.188 | 5.4 | . . . | 30 | 65 | 73 | 4.78 | 8.04 | |||||||||
21⁄2 | 2.875 | 0.203 | 5.8 | STD | 40 | 65 | 73 | 5.16 | 8.63 | |||||||||
21⁄2 | 2.875 | 0.216 | 6.14 | . . . | . . . | 65 | 73 | 5.49 | 9.14 | |||||||||
21⁄2 | 2.875 | 0.25 | 7.02 | . . . | . . . | 65 | 73 | 6.35 | 10.44 | |||||||||
21⁄2 | 2.875 | 0.276 | 7.67 | XS | 80 | 65 | 73 | 7.01 | 11.41 | |||||||||
21⁄2 | 2.875 | 0.375 | 10.02 | . . . | 160 | 65 | 73 | 9.53 | 14.92 | |||||||||
21⁄2 | 2.875 | 0.552 | 13.71 | XXS | . . . | 65 | 73 | 14.02 | 20.39 | |||||||||
3 | 3.5 | 0.083 | 3.03 | . . . | 5 | 80 | 88.9 | 2.11 | 4.52 | |||||||||
3 | 3.5 | 0.109 | 3.95 | . . . | . . . | 80 | 88.9 | 2.77 | 5.88 | |||||||||
3 | 3.5 | 0.12 | 4.34 | . . . | 10 | 80 | 88.9 | 3.05 | 6.46 | |||||||||
3 | 3.5 | 0.125 | 4.51 | . . . | . . . | 80 | 88.9 | 3.18 | 6.72 | |||||||||
3 | 3.5 | 0.141 | 5.06 | . . . | . . . | 80 | 88.9 | 3.58 | 7.53 | |||||||||
3 | 3.5 | 0.156 | 5.58 | . . . | . . . | 80 | 88.9 | 3.96 | 8.3 | |||||||||
3 | 3.5 | 0.172 | 6.12 | . . . | . . . | 80 | 88.9 | 4.37 | 9.11 | |||||||||
3 | 3.5 | 0.188 | 6.66 | . . . | 30 | 80 | 88.9 | 4.78 | 9.92 | |||||||||
3 | 3.5 | 0.216 | 7.58 | STD | 40 | 80 | 88.9 | 5.49 | 11.29 | |||||||||
3 | 3.5 | 0.25 | 8.69 | . . . | . . . | 80 | 88.9 | 6.35 | 12.93 | |||||||||
3 | 3.5 | 0.281 | 9.67 | . . . | . . . | 80 | 88.9 | 7.14 | 14.4 | |||||||||
3 | 3.5 | 0.3 | 10.26 | XS | 80 | 80 | 88.9 | 7.62 | 15.27 | |||||||||
3 | 3.5 | 0.438 | 14.34 | . . . | 160 | 80 | 88.9 | 11.13 | 21.35 | |||||||||
3 | 3.5 | 0.6 | 18.6 | XXS | . . . | 80 | 88.9 | 15.24 | 27.68 | |||||||||
31⁄2 | 4 | 0.083 | 3.48 | . . . | 5 | 90 | 101.6 | 2.11 | 5.18 | |||||||||
31⁄2 | 4 | 0.109 | 4.53 | . . . | . . . | 90 | 101.6 | 2.77 | 6.75 | |||||||||
31⁄2 | 4 | 0.12 | 4.98 | . . . | 10 | 90 | 101.6 | 3.05 | 7.41 | |||||||||
31⁄2 | 4 | 0.125 | 5.18 | . . . | . . . | 90 | 101.6 | 3.18 | 7.72 | |||||||||
31⁄2 | 4 | 0.141 | 5.82 | . . . | . . . | 90 | 101.6 | 3.58 | 8.65 | |||||||||
31⁄2 | 4 | 0.156 | 6.41 | . . . | . . . | 90 | 101.6 | 3.96 | 9.54 | |||||||||
31⁄2 | 4 | 0.172 | 7.04 | . . . | . . . | 90 | 101.6 | 4.37 | 10.48 | |||||||||
31⁄2 | 4 | 0.188 | 7.66 | . . . | 30 | 90 | 101.6 | 4.78 | 11.41 | |||||||||
31⁄2 | 4 | 0.226 | 9.12 | STD | 40 | 90 | 101.6 | 5.74 | 13.57 | |||||||||
31⁄2 | 4 | 0.25 | 10.02 | . . . | . . . | 90 | 101.6 | 6.35 | 14.92 | |||||||||
31⁄2 | 4 | 0.281 | 11.17 | . . . | . . . | 90 | 101.6 | 7.14 | 16.63 | |||||||||
31⁄2 | 4 | 0.318 | 12.52 | XS | 80 | 90 | 101.6 | 8.08 | 18.64 | |||||||||
4 | 4.5 | 0.083 | 3.92 | . . . | 5 | 100 | 114.3 | 2.11 | 5.84 | |||||||||
4 | 4.5 | 0.109 | 5.12 | . . . | . . . | 100 | 114.3 | 2.77 | 7.62 | |||||||||
4 | 4.5 | 0.12 | 5.62 | . . . | 10 | 100 | 114.3 | 3.05 | 8.37 | |||||||||
4 | 4.5 | 0.125 | 5.85 | . . . | . . . | 100 | 114.3 | 3.18 | 8.71 | |||||||||
4 | 4.5 | 0.141 | 6.57 | . . . | . . . | 100 | 114.3 | 3.58 | 9.78 | |||||||||
4 | 4.5 | 0.156 | 7.24 | . . . | . . . | 100 | 114.3 | 3.96 | 10.78 | |||||||||
4 | 4.5 | 0.172 | 7.96 | . . . | . . . | 100 | 114.3 | 4.37 | 11.85 | |||||||||
4 | 4.5 | 0.188 | 8.67 | . . . | 30 | 100 | 114.3 | 4.78 | 12.91 | |||||||||
4 | 4.5 | 0.203 | 9.32 | . . . | . . . | 100 | 114.3 | 5.16 | 13.89 | |||||||||
4 | 4.5 | 0.219 | 10.02 | . . . | . . . | 100 | 114.3 | 5.56 | 14.91 | |||||||||
4 | 4.5 | 0.237 | 10.8 | STD | 40 | 100 | 114.3 | 6.02 | 16.08 | |||||||||
4 | 4.5 | 0.25 | 11.36 | . . . | . . . | 100 | 114.3 | 6.35 | 16.91 | |||||||||
4 | 4.5 | 0.281 | 12.67 | . . . | . . . | 100 | 114.3 | 7.14 | 18.87 | |||||||||
4 | 4.5 | 0.312 | 13.97 | . . . | . . . | 100 | 114.3 | 7.92 | 20.78 | |||||||||
4 | 4.5 | 0.337 | 15 | XS | 80 | 100 | 114.3 | 8.56 | 22.32 | |||||||||
4 | 4.5 | 0.438 | 19.02 | . . . | 120 | 100 | 114.3 | 11.13 | 28.32 | |||||||||
4 | 4.5 | 0.531 | 22.53 | . . . | 160 | 100 | 114.3 | 13.49 | 33.54 | |||||||||
4 | 4.5 | 0.674 | 27.57 | XXS | . . . | 100 | 114.3 | 17.12 | 41.03 | |||||||||
5 | 5.563 | 0.083 | 4.86 | . . . | . . . | 125 | 141.3 | 2.11 | 7.24 | |||||||||
5 | 5.563 | 0.109 | 6.36 | . . . | 5 | 125 | 141.3 | 2.77 | 9.46 | |||||||||
5 | 5.563 | 0.125 | 7.27 | . . . | . . . | 125 | 141.3 | 3.18 | 10.83 | |||||||||
5 | 5.563 | 0.134 | 7.78 | . . . | 10 | 125 | 141.3 | 3.4 | 11.56 | |||||||||
5 | 5.563 | 0.156 | 9.02 | . . . | . . . | 125 | 141.3 | 3.96 | 13.41 | |||||||||
5 | 5.563 | 0.188 | 10.8 | . . . | . . . | 125 | 141.3 | 4.78 | 16.09 | |||||||||
5 | 5.563 | 0.219 | 12.51 | . . . | . . . | 125 | 141.3 | 5.56 | 18.61 | |||||||||
5 | 5.563 | 0.258 | 14.63 | STD | 40 | 125 | 141.3 | 6.55 | 21.77 | |||||||||
5 | 5.563 | 0.281 | 15.87 | . . . | . . . | 125 | 141.3 | 7.14 | 23.62 | |||||||||
5 | 5.563 | 0.312 | 17.51 | . . . | . . . | 125 | 141.3 | 7.92 | 26.05 | |||||||||
5 | 5.563 | 0.344 | 19.19 | . . . | . . . | 125 | 141.3 | 8.74 | 28.57 | |||||||||
5 | 5.563 | 0.375 | 20.8 | XS | 80 | 125 | 141.3 | 9.53 | 30.97 | |||||||||
5 | 5.563 | 0.5 | 27.06 | . . . | 120 | 125 | 141.3 | 12.7 | 40.28 | |||||||||
5 | 5.563 | 0.625 | 32.99 | . . . | 160 | 125 | 141.3 | 15.88 | 49.12 | |||||||||
5 | 5.563 | 0.75 | 38.59 | XXS | . . . | 125 | 141.3 | 19.05 | 57.43 | |||||||||
6 | 6.625 | 0.083 | 5.8 | . . . | . . . | 150 | 168.3 | 2.11 | 8.65 | |||||||||
6 | 6.625 | 0.109 | 7.59 | . . . | 5 | 150 | 168.3 | 2.77 | 11.31 | |||||||||
6 | 6.625 | 0.125 | 8.69 | . . . | . . . | 150 | 168.3 | 3.18 | 12.95 | |||||||||
6 | 6.625 | 0.134 | 9.3 | . . . | 10 | 150 | 168.3 | 3.4 | 13.83 | |||||||||
6 | 6.625 | 0.141 | 9.77 | . . . | . . . | 150 | 168.3 | 3.58 | 14.54 | |||||||||
6 | 6.625 | 0.156 | 10.79 | . . . | . . . | 150 | 168.3 | 3.96 | 16.05 | |||||||||
6 | 6.625 | 0.172 | 11.87 | . . . | . . . | 150 | 168.3 | 4.37 | 17.67 | |||||||||
6 | 6.625 | 0.188 | 12.94 | . . . | . . . | 150 | 168.3 | 4.78 | 19.28 | |||||||||
6 | 6.625 | 0.203 | 13.94 | . . . | . . . | 150 | 168.3 | 5.16 | 20.76 | |||||||||
6 | 6.625 | 0.219 | 15 | . . . | . . . | 150 | 168.3 | 5.56 | 22.31 | |||||||||
6 | 6.625 | 0.25 | 17.04 | . . . | . . . | 150 | 168.3 | 6.35 | 25.36 | |||||||||
6 | 6.625 | 0.28 | 18.99 | STD | 40 | 150 | 168.3 | 7.11 | 28.26 | |||||||||
8 | 8.625 | 0.109 | 9.92 | . . . | 5 | 200 | 219.1 | 2.77 | 14.78 | |||||||||
8 | 8.625 | 0.125 | 11.36 | . . . | . . . | 200 | 219.1 | 3.18 | 16.93 | |||||||||
8 | 8.625 | 0.148 | 13.41 | . . . | 10 | 200 | 219.1 | 3.76 | 19.97 | |||||||||
8 | 8.625 | 0.156 | 14.12 | . . . | . . . | 200 | 219.1 | 3.96 | 21.01 | |||||||||
8 | 8.625 | 0.188 | 16.96 | . . . | . . . | 200 | 219.1 | 4.78 | 25.26 | |||||||||
8 | 8.625 | 0.203 | 18.28 | . . . | . . . | 200 | 219.1 | 5.16 | 27.22 | |||||||||
8 | 8.625 | 0.219 | 19.68 | . . . | . . . | 200 | 219.1 | 5.56 | 29.28 | |||||||||
8 | 8.625 | 0.25 | 22.38 | . . . | 20 | 200 | 219.1 | 6.35 | 33.32 | |||||||||
8 | 8.625 | 0.277 | 24.72 | . . . | 30 | 200 | 219.1 | 7.04 | 36.82 | |||||||||
8 | 8.625 | 0.312 | 27.73 | . . . | . . . | 200 | 219.1 | 7.92 | 41.25 | |||||||||
8 | 8.625 | 0.322 | 28.58 | STD | 40 | 200 | 219.1 | 8.18 | 42.55 | |||||||||
8 | 8.625 | 0.344 | 30.45 | . . . | . . . | 200 | 219.1 | 8.74 | 45.34 | |||||||||
8 | 8.625 | 0.375 | 33.07 | . . . | . . . | 200 | 219.1 | 9.53 | 49.25 | |||||||||
8 | 8.625 | 0.406 | 35.67 | . . . | 60 | 200 | 219.1 | 10.31 | 53.09 | |||||||||
8 | 8.625 | 0.438 | 38.33 | . . . | . . . | 200 | 219.1 | 11.13 | 57.08 | |||||||||
8 | 8.625 | 0.5 | 43.43 | XS | 80 | 200 | 219.1 | 12.7 | 64.64 | |||||||||
8 | 8.625 | 0.562 | 48.44 | . . . | . . . | 200 | 219.1 | 14.27 | 72.08 | |||||||||
8 | 8.625 | 0.594 | 51 | . . . | 100 | 200 | 219.1 | 15.09 | 75.92 | |||||||||
8 | 8.625 | 0.625 | 53.45 | . . . | . . . | 200 | 219.1 | 15.88 | 79.59 | |||||||||
8 | 8.625 | 0.719 | 60.77 | . . . | 120 | 200 | 219.1 | 18.26 | 90.44 | |||||||||
8 | 8.625 | 0.75 | 63.14 | . . . | . . . | 200 | 219.1 | 19.05 | 93.98 | |||||||||
8 | 8.625 | 0.812 | 67.82 | . . . | 140 | 200 | 219.1 | 20.62 | 100.93 | |||||||||
8 | 8.625 | 0.875 | 72.49 | XXS | . . . | 200 | 219.1 | 22.23 | 107.93 | |||||||||
8 | 8.625 | 0.906 | 74.76 | . . . | 160 | 200 | 219.1 | 23.01 | 111.27 | |||||||||
8 | 8.625 | 1 | 81.51 | . . . | . . . | 200 | 219.1 | 25.4 | 121.33 | |||||||||
10 | 10.75 | 0.134 | 15.21 | . . . | 5 | 250 | 273 | 3.4 | 22.61 | |||||||||
10 | 10.75 | 0.156 | 17.67 | . . . | . . . | 250 | 273 | 3.96 | 26.27 | |||||||||
10 | 10.75 | 0.165 | 18.67 | . . . | 10 | 250 | 273 | 4.19 | 27.78 | |||||||||
10 | 10.75 | 0.188 | 21.23 | . . . | . . . | 250 | 273 | 4.78 | 31.62 | |||||||||
10 | 10.75 | 0.203 | 22.89 | . . . | . . . | 250 | 273 | 5.16 | 34.08 | |||||||||
10 | 10.75 | 0.219 | 24.65 | . . . | . . . | 250 | 273 | 5.56 | 36.67 | |||||||||
10 | 10.75 | 0.25 | 28.06 | . . . | 20 | 250 | 273 | 6.35 | 41.76 | |||||||||
10 | 10.75 | 0.279 | 31.23 | . . . | . . . | 250 | 273 | 7.09 | 46.49 | |||||||||
10 | 10.75 | 0.307 | 34.27 | . . . | 30 | 250 | 273 | 7.8 | 51.01 | |||||||||
10 | 10.75 | 0.344 | 38.27 | . . . | . . . | 250 | 273 | 8.74 | 56.96 | |||||||||
10 | 10.75 | 0.365 | 40.52 | STD | 40 | 250 | 273 | 9.27 | 60.29 | |||||||||
10 | 10.75 | 0.438 | 48.28 | . . . | . . . | 250 | 273 | 11.13 | 71.88 | |||||||||
10 | 10.75 | 0.5 | 54.79 | XS | 60 | 250 | 273 | 12.7 | 81.53 | |||||||||
10 | 10.75 | 0.562 | 61.21 | . . . | . . . | 250 | 273 | 14.27 | 91.05 | |||||||||
10 | 10.75 | 0.594 | 64.49 | . . . | 80 | 250 | 273 | 15.09 | 95.98 | |||||||||
10 | 10.75 | 0.625 | 67.65 | . . . | . . . | 250 | 273 | 15.88 | 100.69 | |||||||||
10 | 10.75 | 0.719 | 77.1 | . . . | 100 | 250 | 273 | 18.26 | 114.71 | |||||||||
10 | 10.75 | 0.812 | 86.26 | . . . | . . . | 250 | 273 | 20.62 | 128.34 | |||||||||
10 | 10.75 | 0.844 | 89.38 | . . . | 120 | 250 | 273 | 21.44 | 133.01 | |||||||||
10 | 10.75 | 0.875 | 92.37 | . . . | . . . | 250 | 273 | 22.23 | 137.48 | |||||||||
10 | 10.75 | 0.938 | 98.39 | . . . | . . . | 250 | 273 | 23.83 | 146.43 | |||||||||
10 | 10.75 | 1 | 104.23 | XXS | 140 | 250 | 273 | 25.4 | 155.1 | |||||||||
10 | 10.75 | 1.125 | 115.75 | . . . | 160 | 250 | 273 | 28.58 | 172.27 | |||||||||
10 | 10.75 | 1.25 | 126.94 | . . . | . . . | 250 | 273 | 31.75 | 188.9 | |||||||||
12 | 12.75 | 0.156 | 21 | . . . | 5 | 300 | 323.8 | 3.96 | 31.24 | |||||||||
12 | 12.75 | 0.172 | 23.13 | . . . | . . . | 300 | 323.8 | 4.37 | 34.43 | |||||||||
12 | 12.75 | 0.18 | 24.19 | . . . | 10 | 300 | 323.8 | 4.57 | 35.98 | |||||||||
12 | 12.75 | 0.188 | 25.25 | . . . | . . . | 300 | 323.8 | 4.78 | 37.61 | |||||||||
12 | 12.75 | 0.203 | 27.23 | . . . | . . . | 300 | 323.8 | 5.16 | 40.55 | |||||||||
12 | 12.75 | 0.219 | 29.34 | . . . | . . . | 300 | 323.8 | 5.56 | 43.64 | |||||||||
12 | 12.75 | 0.25 | 33.41 | . . . | 20 | 300 | 323.8 | 6.35 | 49.71 | |||||||||
12 | 12.75 | 0.281 | 37.46 | . . . | . . . | 300 | 323.8 | 7.14 | 55.76 | |||||||||
12 | 12.75 | 0.312 | 41.48 | . . . | . . . | 300 | 323.8 | 7.92 | 61.7 | |||||||||
12 | 12.75 | 0.33 | 43.81 | . . . | 30 | 300 | 323.8 | 8.38 | 65.19 | |||||||||
12 | 12.75 | 0.344 | 45.62 | . . . | . . . | 300 | 323.8 | 8.74 | 67.91 | |||||||||
12 | 12.75 | 0.375 | 49.61 | STD | . . . | 300 | 323.8 | 9.53 | 73.86 | |||||||||
12 | 12.75 | 0.406 | 53.57 | . . . | 40 | 300 | 323.8 | 10.31 | 79.71 | |||||||||
12 | 12.75 | 0.438 | 57.65 | . . . | . . . | 300 | 323.8 | 11.13 | 85.82 | |||||||||
12 | 12.75 | 0.5 | 65.48 | XS | . . . | 300 | 323.8 | 12.7 | 97.44 | |||||||||
12 | 12.75 | 0.562 | 73.22 | . . . | 60 | 300 | 323.8 | 14.27 | 108.93 | |||||||||
12 | 12.75 | 0.625 | 81.01 | . . . | . . . | 300 | 323.8 | 15.88 | 120.59 | |||||||||
12 | 12.75 | 0.688 | 88.71 | . . . | 80 | 300 | 323.8 | 17.48 | 132.05 | |||||||||
12 | 12.75 | 0.75 | 96.21 | . . . | . . . | 300 | 323.8 | 19.05 | 143.17 | |||||||||
12 | 12.75 | 0.812 | 103.63 | . . . | . . . | 300 | 323.8 | 20.62 | 154.17 | |||||||||
12 | 12.75 | 0.844 | 107.42 | . . . | 100 | 300 | 323.8 | 21.44 | 159.87 | |||||||||
12 | 12.75 | 0.875 | 111.08 | . . . | . . . | 300 | 323.8 | 22.23 | 165.33 | |||||||||
12 | 12.75 | 0.938 | 118.44 | . . . | . . . | 300 | 323.8 | 23.83 | 176.29 | |||||||||
12 | 12.75 | 1 | 125.61 | XXS | 120 | 300 | 323.8 | 25.4 | 186.92 | |||||||||
12 | 12.75 | 1.062 | 132.69 | . . . | . . . | 300 | 323.8 | 26.97 | 197.43 | |||||||||
12 | 12.75 | 1.125 | 139.81 | . . . | 140 | 300 | 323.8 | 28.58 | 208.08 | |||||||||
12 | 12.75 | 1.25 | 153.67 | . . . | . . . | 300 | 323.8 | 31.75 | 228.68 | |||||||||
12 | 12.75 | 1.312 | 160.42 | . . . | 160 | 300 | 323.8 | 33.32 | 238.69 | |||||||||
14 | 14 | 0.156 | 23.09 | . . . | 5 | 350 | 355.6 | 3.96 | 34.34 | |||||||||
14 | 14 | 0.188 | 27.76 | . . . | . . . | 350 | 355.6 | 4.78 | 41.36 | |||||||||
14 | 14 | 0.203 | 29.94 | . . . | . . . | 350 | 355.6 | 5.16 | 44.59 | |||||||||
14 | 14 | 0.21 | 30.96 | . . . | . . . | 350 | 355.6 | 5.33 | 46.04 | |||||||||
14 | 14 | 0.219 | 32.26 | . . . | . . . | 350 | 355.6 | 5.56 | 48 | |||||||||
14 | 14 | 0.25 | 36.75 | . . . | 10 | 350 | 355.6 | 6.35 | 54.69 | |||||||||
14 | 14 | 0.281 | 41.21 | . . . | . . . | 350 | 355.6 | 7.14 | 61.36 | |||||||||
14 | 14 | 0.312 | 45.65 | . . . | 20 | 350 | 355.6 | 7.92 | 67.91 | |||||||||
14 | 14 | 0.344 | 50.22 | . . . | . . . | 350 | 355.6 | 8.74 | 74.76 | |||||||||
14 | 14 | 0.375 | 54.62 | STD | 30 | 350 | 355.6 | 9.53 | 81.33 | |||||||||
14 | 14 | 0.406 | 59 | . . . | . . . | 350 | 355.6 | 10.31 | 87.79 | |||||||||
14 | 14 | 0.438 | 63.5 | . . . | 40 | 350 | 355.6 | 11.13 | 94.55 | |||||||||
14 | 14 | 0.469 | 67.84 | . . . | . . . | 350 | 355.6 | 11.91 | 100.95 | |||||||||
14 | 14 | 0.5 | 72.16 | XS | . . . | 350 | 355.6 | 12.7 | 107.4 | |||||||||
14 | 14 | 0.562 | 80.73 | . . . | . . . | 350 | 355.6 | 14.27 | 120.12 | |||||||||
14 | 14 | 0.594 | 85.13 | . . . | 60 | 350 | 355.6 | 15.09 | 126.72 | |||||||||
14 | 14 | 0.625 | 89.36 | . . . | . . . | 350 | 355.6 | 15.88 | 133.04 | |||||||||
14 | 14 | 0.688 | 97.91 | . . . | . . . | 350 | 355.6 | 17.48 | 145.76 | |||||||||
14 | 14 | 0.75 | 106.23 | . . . | 80 | 350 | 355.6 | 19.05 | 158.11 | |||||||||
14 | 14 | 0.812 | 114.48 | . . . | . . . | 350 | 355.6 | 20.62 | 170.34 | |||||||||
14 | 14 | 0.875 | 122.77 | . . . | . . . | 350 | 355.6 | 22.23 | 182.76 | |||||||||
14 | 14 | 0.938 | 130.98 | . . . | 100 | 350 | 355.6 | 23.83 | 194.98 | |||||||||
14 | 14 | 1 | 138.97 | . . . | . . . | 350 | 355.6 | 25.4 | 206.84 | |||||||||
14 | 14 | 1.062 | 146.88 | . . . | . . . | 350 | 355.6 | 26.97 | 218.58 | |||||||||
14 | 14 | 1.094 | 150.93 | . . . | 120 | 350 | 355.6 | 27.79 | 224.66 | |||||||||
14 | 14 | 1.125 | 154.84 | . . . | . . . | 350 | 355.6 | 28.58 | 230.49 | |||||||||
14 | 14 | 1.25 | 170.37 | . . . | 140 | 350 | 355.6 | 31.75 | 253.58 | |||||||||
14 | 14 | 1.406 | 189.29 | . . . | 160 | 350 | 355.6 | 35.71 | 281.72 | |||||||||
14 | 14 | 2 | 256.56 | . . . | . . . | 350 | 355.6 | 50.8 | 381.85 | |||||||||
14 | 14 | 2.125 | 269.76 | . . . | . . . | 350 | 355.6 | 53.98 | 401.52 | |||||||||
14 | 14 | 2.2 | 277.51 | . . . | . . . | 350 | 355.6 | 55.88 | 413.04 | |||||||||
14 | 14 | 2.5 | 307.34 | . . . | . . . | 350 | 355.6 | 63.5 | 457.43 | |||||||||
16 | 16 | 0.165 | 27.93 | . . . | 5 | 400 | 406.4 | 4.19 | 41.56 | |||||||||
16 | 16 | 0.188 | 31.78 | . . . | . . . | 400 | 406.4 | 4.78 | 47.34 | |||||||||
16 | 16 | 0.203 | 34.28 | . . . | . . . | 400 | 406.4 | 5.16 | 51.06 | |||||||||
16 | 16 | 0.219 | 36.95 | . . . | . . . | 400 | 406.4 | 5.56 | 54.96 | |||||||||
16 | 16 | 0.25 | 42.09 | . . . | 10 | 400 | 406.4 | 6.35 | 62.65 | |||||||||
16 | 16 | 0.281 | 47.22 | . . . | . . . | 400 | 406.4 | 7.14 | 70.3 | |||||||||
16 | 16 | 0.312 | 52.32 | . . . | 20 | 400 | 406.4 | 7.92 | 77.83 | |||||||||
16 | 16 | 0.344 | 57.57 | . . . | . . . | 400 | 406.4 | 8.74 | 85.71 | |||||||||
16 | 16 | 0.375 | 62.64 | STD | 30 | 400 | 406.4 | 9.53 | 93.27 | |||||||||
16 | 16 | 0.406 | 67.68 | . . . | . . . | 400 | 406.4 | 10.31 | 100.71 | |||||||||
16 | 16 | 0.438 | 72.86 | . . . | . . . | 400 | 406.4 | 11.13 | 108.49 | |||||||||
16 | 16 | 0.469 | 77.87 | . . . | . . . | 400 | 406.4 | 11.91 | 115.87 | |||||||||
16 | 16 | 0.5 | 82.85 | XS | 40 | 400 | 406.4 | 12.7 | 123.31 | |||||||||
16 | 16 | 0.562 | 92.75 | . . . | . . . | 400 | 406.4 | 14.27 | 138 | |||||||||
16 | 16 | 0.625 | 102.72 | . . . | . . . | 400 | 406.4 | 15.88 | 152.94 | |||||||||
16 | 16 | 0.656 | 107.6 | . . . | 60 | 400 | 406.4 | 16.66 | 160.13 | |||||||||
16 | 16 | 0.688 | 112.62 | . . . | . . . | 400 | 406.4 | 17.48 | 167.66 | |||||||||
16 | 16 | 0.75 | 122.27 | . . . | . . . | 400 | 406.4 | 19.05 | 181.98 | |||||||||
16 | 16 | 0.812 | 131.84 | . . . | . . . | 400 | 406.4 | 20.62 | 196.18 | |||||||||
16 | 16 | 0.844 | 136.74 | . . . | 80 | 400 | 406.4 | 21.44 | 203.54 | |||||||||
16 | 16 | 0.875 | 141.48 | . . . | . . . | 400 | 406.4 | 22.23 | 210.61 | |||||||||
16 | 16 | 0.938 | 151.03 | . . . | . . . | 400 | 406.4 | 23.83 | 224.83 | |||||||||
16 | 16 | 1 | 160.35 | . . . | . . . | 400 | 406.4 | 25.4 | 238.66 | |||||||||
16 | 16 | 1.031 | 164.98 | . . . | 100 | 400 | 406.4 | 26.19 | 245.57 | |||||||||
16 | 16 | 1.062 | 169.59 | . . . | . . . | 400 | 406.4 | 26.97 | 252.37 | |||||||||
16 | 16 | 1.125 | 178.89 | . . . | . . . | 400 | 406.4 | 28.58 | 266.3 | |||||||||
16 | 16 | 1.188 | 188.11 | . . . | . . . | 400 | 406.4 | 30.18 | 280.01 | |||||||||
16 | 16 | 1.219 | 192.61 | . . . | 120 | 400 | 406.4 | 30.96 | 286.66 | |||||||||
16 | 16 | 1.25 | 197.1 | . . . | . . . | 400 | 406.4 | 31.75 | 293.35 | |||||||||
16 | 16 | 1.438 | 223.85 | . . . | 140 | 400 | 406.4 | 36.53 | 333.21 | |||||||||
16 | 16 | 1.594 | 245.48 | . . . | 160 | 400 | 406.4 | 40.49 | 365.38 | |||||||||
18 | 18 | 0.165 | 31.46 | . . . | 5 | 450 | 457 | 4.19 | 46.79 | |||||||||
18 | 18 | 0.188 | 35.8 | . . . | . . . | 450 | 457 | 4.78 | 53.31 | |||||||||
18 | 18 | 0.219 | 41.63 | . . . | . . . | 450 | 457 | 5.56 | 61.9 | |||||||||
18 | 18 | 0.25 | 47.44 | . . . | 10 | 450 | 457 | 6.35 | 70.57 | |||||||||
18 | 18 | 0.281 | 53.23 | . . . | . . . | 450 | 457 | 7.14 | 79.21 | |||||||||
18 | 18 | 0.312 | 58.99 | . . . | 20 | 450 | 457 | 7.92 | 87.71 | |||||||||
18 | 18 | 0.344 | 64.93 | . . . | . . . | 450 | 457 | 8.74 | 96.62 | |||||||||
18 | 18 | 0.375 | 70.65 | STD | . . . | 450 | 457 | 9.53 | 105.17 | |||||||||
18 | 18 | 0.406 | 76.36 | . . . | . . . | 450 | 457 | 10.31 | 113.58 | |||||||||
18 | 18 | 0.438 | 82.23 | . . . | 30 | 450 | 457 | 11.13 | 122.38 | |||||||||
18 | 18 | 0.469 | 87.89 | . . . | . . . | 450 | 457 | 11.91 | 130.73 | |||||||||
18 | 18 | 0.5 | 93.54 | XS | . . . | 450 | 457 | 12.7 | 139.16 | |||||||||
18 | 18 | 0.562 | 104.76 | . . . | 40 | 450 | 457 | 14.27 | 155.81 | |||||||||
18 | 18 | 0.625 | 116.09 | . . . | . . . | 450 | 457 | 15.88 | 172.75 | |||||||||
18 | 18 | 0.688 | 127.32 | . . . | . . . | 450 | 457 | 17.48 | 189.47 | |||||||||
18 | 18 | 0.75 | 138.3 | . . . | 60 | 450 | 457 | 19.05 | 205.75 | |||||||||
18 | 18 | 0.812 | 149.2 | . . . | . . . | 450 | 457 | 20.62 | 221.91 | |||||||||
18 | 18 | 0.875 | 160.18 | . . . | . . . | 450 | 457 | 22.23 | 238.35 | |||||||||
18 | 18 | 0.938 | 171.08 | . . . | 80 | 450 | 457 | 23.83 | 254.57 | |||||||||
18 | 18 | 1 | 181.73 | . . . | . . . | 450 | 457 | 25.4 | 270.36 | |||||||||
18 | 18 | 1.062 | 192.29 | . . . | . . . | 450 | 457 | 26.97 | 286.02 | |||||||||
18 | 18 | 1.125 | 202.94 | . . . | . . . | 450 | 457 | 28.58 | 301.96 | |||||||||
18 | 18 | 1.156 | 208.15 | . . . | 100 | 450 | 457 | 29.36 | 309.64 | |||||||||
18 | 18 | 1.188 | 213.51 | . . . | . . . | 450 | 457 | 30.18 | 317.68 | |||||||||
18 | 18 | 1.25 | 223.82 | . . . | . . . | 450 | 457 | 31.75 | 332.97 | |||||||||
18 | 18 | 1.375 | 244.37 | . . . | 120 | 450 | 457 | 34.93 | 363.58 | |||||||||
18 | 18 | 1.562 | 274.48 | . . . | 140 | 450 | 457 | 39.67 | 408.28 | |||||||||
18 | 18 | 1.781 | 308.79 | . . . | 160 | 450 | 457 | 45.24 | 459.39 | |||||||||
20 | 20 | 0.188 | 39.82 | . . . | 5 | 500 | 508 | 4.78 | 59.32 | |||||||||
20 | 20 | 0.219 | 46.31 | . . . | . . . | 500 | 508 | 5.56 | 68.89 | |||||||||
20 | 20 | 0.25 | 52.78 | . . . | 10 | 500 | 508 | 6.35 | 78.56 | |||||||||
20 | 20 | 0.281 | 59.23 | . . . | . . . | 500 | 508 | 7.14 | 88.19 | |||||||||
20 | 20 | 0.312 | 65.66 | . . . | . . . | 500 | 508 | 7.92 | 97.68 | |||||||||
20 | 20 | 0.344 | 72.28 | . . . | . . . | 500 | 508 | 8.74 | 107.61 | |||||||||
20 | 20 | 0.375 | 78.67 | STD | 20 | 500 | 508 | 9.53 | 117.15 | |||||||||
20 | 20 | 0.406 | 85.04 | . . . | . . . | 500 | 508 | 10.31 | 126.54 | |||||||||
20 | 20 | 0.438 | 91.59 | . . . | . . . | 500 | 508 | 11.13 | 136.38 | |||||||||
20 | 20 | 0.469 | 97.92 | . . . | . . . | 500 | 508 | 11.91 | 145.71 | |||||||||
20 | 20 | 0.5 | 104.23 | XS | 30 | 500 | 508 | 12.7 | 155.13 | |||||||||
20 | 20 | 0.562 | 116.78 | . . . | . . . | 500 | 508 | 14.27 | 173.75 | |||||||||
20 | 20 | 0.594 | 123.23 | . . . | 40 | 500 | 508 | 15.09 | 183.43 | |||||||||
20 | 20 | 0.625 | 129.45 | . . . | . . . | 500 | 508 | 15.88 | 192.73 | |||||||||
20 | 20 | 0.688 | 142.03 | . . . | . . . | 500 | 508 | 17.48 | 211.45 | |||||||||
20 | 20 | 0.75 | 154.34 | . . . | . . . | 500 | 508 | 19.05 | 229.71 | |||||||||
20 | 20 | 0.812 | 166.56 | . . . | 60 | 500 | 508 | 20.62 | 247.84 | |||||||||
20 | 20 | 0.875 | 178.89 | . . . | . . . | 500 | 508 | 22.23 | 266.31 | |||||||||
20 | 20 | 0.938 | 191.14 | . . . | . . . | 500 | 508 | 23.83 | 284.54 | |||||||||
20 | 20 | 1 | 203.11 | . . . | . . . | 500 | 508 | 25.4 | 302.3 | |||||||||
20 | 20 | 1.031 | 209.06 | . . . | 80 | 500 | 508 | 26.19 | 311.19 | |||||||||
20 | 20 | 1.062 | 215 | . . . | . . . | 500 | 508 | 26.97 | 319.94 | |||||||||
20 | 20 | 1.125 | 227 | . . . | . . . | 500 | 508 | 28.58 | 337.91 | |||||||||
20 | 20 | 1.188 | 238.91 | . . . | . . . | 500 | 508 | 30.18 | 355.63 | |||||||||
20 | 20 | 1.25 | 250.55 | . . . | . . . | 500 | 508 | 31.75 | 372.91 | |||||||||
20 | 20 | 1.281 | 256.34 | . . . | 100 | 500 | 508 | 32.54 | 381.55 | |||||||||
20 | 20 | 1.312 | 262.1 | . . . | . . . | 500 | 508 | 33.32 | 390.05 | |||||||||
20 | 20 | 1.375 | 273.76 | . . . | . . . | 500 | 508 | 34.93 | 407.51 | |||||||||
20 | 20 | 1.5 | 296.65 | . . . | 120 | 500 | 508 | 38.1 | 441.52 | |||||||||
20 | 20 | 1.75 | 341.41 | . . . | 140 | 500 | 508 | 44.45 | 508.15 | |||||||||
20 | 20 | 1.969 | 379.53 | . . . | 160 | 500 | 508 | 50.01 | 564.85 | |||||||||
22 | 22 | 0.188 | 43.84 | . . . | 5 | 550 | 559 | 4.78 | 65.33 | |||||||||
22 | 22 | 0.219 | 50.99 | . . . | . . . | 550 | 559 | 5.56 | 75.89 | |||||||||
22 | 22 | 0.25 | 58.13 | . . . | 10 | 550 | 559 | 6.35 | 86.55 | |||||||||
22 | 22 | 0.281 | 65.24 | . . . | . . . | 550 | 559 | 7.14 | 97.17 | |||||||||
22 | 22 | 0.312 | 72.34 | . . . | . . . | 550 | 559 | 7.92 | 107.64 | |||||||||
22 | 22 | 0.344 | 79.64 | . . . | . . . | 550 | 559 | 8.74 | 118.6 | |||||||||
22 | 22 | 0.375 | 86.69 | STD | 20 | 550 | 559 | 9.53 | 129.14 | |||||||||
22 | 22 | 0.406 | 93.72 | . . . | . . . | 550 | 559 | 10.31 | 139.51 | |||||||||
22 | 22 | 0.438 | 100.96 | . . . | . . . | 550 | 559 | 11.13 | 150.38 | |||||||||
22 | 22 | 0.469 | 107.95 | . . . | . . . | 550 | 559 | 11.91 | 160.69 | |||||||||
22 | 22 | 0.5 | 114.92 | XS | 30 | 550 | 559 | 12.7 | 171.1 | |||||||||
22 | 22 | 0.562 | 128.79 | . . . | . . . | 550 | 559 | 14.27 | 191.7 | |||||||||
22 | 22 | 0.625 | 142.81 | . . . | . . . | 550 | 559 | 15.88 | 212.7 | |||||||||
22 | 22 | 0.688 | 156.74 | . . . | . . . | 550 | 559 | 17.48 | 233.44 | |||||||||
22 | 22 | 0.75 | 170.37 | . . . | . . . | 550 | 559 | 19.05 | 253.67 | |||||||||
22 | 22 | 0.812 | 183.92 | . . . | . . . | 550 | 559 | 20.62 | 273.78 | |||||||||
22 | 22 | 0.875 | 197.6 | . . . | 60 | 550 | 559 | 22.23 | 294.27 | |||||||||
22 | 22 | 0.938 | 211.19 | . . . | . . . | 550 | 559 | 23.83 | 314.51 | |||||||||
22 | 22 | 1 | 224.49 | . . . | . . . | 550 | 559 | 25.4 | 334.25 | |||||||||
22 | 22 | 1.062 | 237.7 | . . . | . . . | 550 | 559 | 26.97 | 353.86 | |||||||||
22 | 22 | 1.125 | 251.05 | . . . | 80 | 550 | 559 | 28.58 | 373.85 | |||||||||
22 | 22 | 1.188 | 264.31 | . . . | . . . | 550 | 559 | 30.18 | 393.59 | |||||||||
22 | 22 | 1.25 | 277.27 | . . . | . . . | 550 | 559 | 31.75 | 412.84 | |||||||||
22 | 22 | 1.312 | 290.15 | . . . | . . . | 550 | 559 | 33.32 | 431.96 | |||||||||
22 | 22 | 1.375 | 303.16 | . . . | 100 | 550 | 559 | 34.93 | 451.45 | |||||||||
22 | 22 | 1.438 | 316.08 | . . . | . . . | 550 | 559 | 36.53 | 470.69 | |||||||||
22 | 22 | 1.5 | 328.72 | . . . | . . . | 550 | 559 | 38.1 | 489.44 | |||||||||
22 | 22 | 1.625 | 353.94 | . . . | 120 | 550 | 559 | 41.28 | 527.05 | |||||||||
22 | 22 | 1.875 | 403.38 | . . . | 140 | 550 | 559 | 47.63 | 600.67 | |||||||||
22 | 22 | 2.125 | 451.49 | . . . | 160 | 550 | 559 | 53.98 | 672.3 | |||||||||
24 | 24 | 0.218 | 55.42 | . . . | 5 | 600 | 610 | 5.54 | 82.58 | |||||||||
24 | 24 | 0.25 | 63.47 | . . . | 10 | 600 | 610 | 6.35 | 94.53 | |||||||||
24 | 24 | 0.281 | 71.25 | . . . | . . . | 600 | 610 | 7.14 | 106.15 | |||||||||
24 | 24 | 0.312 | 79.01 | . . . | . . . | 600 | 610 | 7.92 | 117.6 | |||||||||
24 | 24 | 0.344 | 86.99 | . . . | . . . | 600 | 610 | 8.74 | 129.6 | |||||||||
24 | 24 | 0.375 | 94.71 | STD | 20 | 600 | 610 | 9.53 | 141.12 | |||||||||
24 | 24 | 0.406 | 102.4 | . . . | . . . | 600 | 610 | 10.31 | 152.48 | |||||||||
24 | 24 | 0.438 | 110.32 | . . . | . . . | 600 | 610 | 11.13 | 164.38 | |||||||||
24 | 24 | 0.469 | 117.98 | . . . | . . . | 600 | 610 | 11.91 | 175.67 | |||||||||
24 | 24 | 0.5 | 125.61 | XS | . . . | 600 | 610 | 12.7 | 187.07 | |||||||||
24 | 24 | 0.562 | 140.81 | . . . | 30 | 600 | 610 | 14.27 | 209.65 | |||||||||
24 | 24 | 0.625 | 156.17 | . . . | . . . | 600 | 610 | 15.88 | 232.67 | |||||||||
24 | 24 | 0.688 | 171.45 | . . . | 40 | 600 | 610 | 17.48 | 255.43 | |||||||||
24 | 24 | 0.75 | 186.41 | . . . | . . . | 600 | 610 | 19.05 | 277.63 | |||||||||
24 | 24 | 0.812 | 201.28 | . . . | . . . | 600 | 610 | 20.62 | 299.71 | |||||||||
24 | 24 | 0.875 | 216.31 | . . . | . . . | 600 | 610 | 22.23 | 322.23 | |||||||||
24 | 24 | 0.938 | 231.25 | . . . | . . . | 600 | 610 | 23.83 | 344.48 | |||||||||
24 | 24 | 0.969 | 238.57 | . . . | 60 | 600 | 610 | 24.61 | 355.28 | |||||||||
24 | 24 | 1 | 245.87 | . . . | . . . | 600 | 610 | 25.4 | 366.19 | |||||||||
24 | 24 | 1.062 | 260.41 | . . . | . . . | 600 | 610 | 26.97 | 387.79 | |||||||||
24 | 24 | 1.125 | 275.1 | . . . | . . . | 600 | 610 | 28.58 | 409.8 | |||||||||
24 | 24 | 1.188 | 289.71 | . . . | . . . | 600 | 610 | 30.18 | 431.55 | |||||||||
24 | 24 | 1.219 | 296.86 | . . . | 80 | 600 | 610 | 30.96 | 442.11 | |||||||||
24 | 24 | 1.25 | 304 | . . . | . . . | 600 | 610 | 31.75 | 452.77 | |||||||||
24 | 24 | 1.312 | 318.21 | . . . | . . . | 600 | 610 | 33.32 | 473.87 | |||||||||
24 | 24 | 1.375 | 332.56 | . . . | . . . | 600 | 610 | 34.93 | 495.38 | |||||||||
24 | 24 | 1.438 | 346.83 | . . . | . . . | 600 | 610 | 36.53 | 516.63 | |||||||||
24 | 24 | 1.5 | 360.79 | . . . | . . . | 600 | 610 | 38.1 | 537.36 | |||||||||
24 | 24 | 1.531 | 367.74 | . . . | 100 | 600 | 610 | 38.89 | 547.74 | |||||||||
24 | 24 | 1.562 | 374.66 | . . . | . . . | 600 | 610 | 39.67 | 557.97 | |||||||||
24 | 24 | 1.812 | 429.79 | . . . | 120 | 600 | 610 | 46.02 | 640.07 | |||||||||
24 | 24 | 2.062 | 483.57 | . . . | 140 | 600 | 610 | 52.37 | 720.19 | |||||||||
24 | 24 | 2.344 | 542.64 | . . . | 160 | 600 | 610 | 59.54 | 808.27 | |||||||||
NOTES: (1) NPS (Nominal Pipe Size) is a dimensionless designator that has been substituted in the customary units section for the previous term Inch Nominal Size. (2) DN (Nominal Diameter) is a dimensionless designator used in the SI (metric) system to describe pipe size. |
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AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARDS FOR PRODUCT SIZES | ||||||||||||||||||
The American Society Of Mechanical Engineers | American National Standards Institute | |||||||||||||||||
ASME B36.10M | ANSI B36.10M |
Welded and Seamless Wrought Steel Pipe | ASME/ANSI B36.10M-2004 | ||||||||
Dimensions and Weights of Welded and Seamless Wrought Steel Pipe | |||||||||
U.S. Customary Units |
Identification [Standard (STD), Extra-Strong (XS), or Double Extra Strong (XXS)] |
Schedule No. |
DN [Note] (2) |
SI Units | |||||
Nominal Pipe Size |
Outside Diameter, in. |
Wall Thickness, in |
Plain End Weight, lb/ft |
Outside Diameter, mm |
Wall Thickness, mm |
Plain End Mass, kg/m |
|||
26 | 26 | 0.25 | 68.82 | . . . | . . . | 650 | 660 | 6.35 | 102.36 |
26 | 26 | 0.281 | 77.26 | . . . | . . . | 650 | 660 | 7.14 | 114.96 |
26 | 26 | 0.312 | 85.68 | . . . | 10 | 650 | 660 | 7.92 | 127.36 |
26 | 26 | 0.344 | 94.35 | . . . | . . . | 650 | 660 | 8.74 | 140.37 |
26 | 26 | 0.375 | 102.72 | STD | . . . | 650 | 660 | 9.53 | 152.88 |
26 | 26 | 0.406 | 111.08 | . . . | . . . | 650 | 660 | 10.31 | 165.19 |
26 | 26 | 0.438 | 119.69 | . . . | . . . | 650 | 660 | 11.13 | 178.1 |
26 | 26 | 0.469 | 128 | . . . | . . . | 650 | 660 | 11.91 | 190.36 |
26 | 26 | 0.5 | 136.3 | XS | 20 | 650 | 660 | 12.7 | 202.74 |
26 | 26 | 0.562 | 152.83 | . . . | . . . | 650 | 660 | 14.27 | 227.25 |
26 | 26 | 0.625 | 169.54 | . . . | . . . | 650 | 660 | 15.88 | 252.25 |
26 | 26 | 0.688 | 186.16 | . . . | . . . | 650 | 660 | 17.48 | 276.98 |
26 | 26 | 0.75 | 202.44 | . . . | . . . | 650 | 660 | 19.05 | 301.12 |
26 | 26 | 0.812 | 218.64 | . . . | . . . | 650 | 660 | 20.62 | 325.14 |
26 | 26 | 0.875 | 235.01 | . . . | . . . | 650 | 660 | 22.23 | 349.64 |
26 | 26 | 0.938 | 251.3 | . . . | . . . | 650 | 660 | 23.83 | 373.87 |
26 | 26 | 1 | 267.25 | . . . | . . . | 650 | 660 | 25.4 | 397.51 |
28 | 28 | 0.25 | 74.16 | . . . | . . . | 700 | 711 | 6.35 | 110.35 |
28 | 28 | 0.281 | 83.26 | . . . | . . . | 700 | 711 | 7.14 | 123.94 |
28 | 28 | 0.312 | 92.35 | . . . | 10 | 700 | 711 | 7.92 | 137.32 |
28 | 28 | 0.344 | 101.7 | . . . | . . . | 700 | 711 | 8.74 | 151.37 |
28 | 28 | 0.375 | 110.74 | STD | . . . | 700 | 711 | 9.53 | 164.86 |
28 | 28 | 0.406 | 119.76 | . . . | . . . | 700 | 711 | 10.31 | 178.16 |
28 | 28 | 0.438 | 129.05 | . . . | . . . | 700 | 711 | 11.13 | 192.1 |
28 | 28 | 0.469 | 138.03 | . . . | . . . | 700 | 711 | 11.91 | 205.34 |
28 | 28 | 0.5 | 146.99 | XS | 20 | 700 | 711 | 12.7 | 218.71 |
28 | 28 | 0.562 | 164.84 | . . . | . . . | 700 | 711 | 14.27 | 245.19 |
28 | 28 | 0.625 | 182.9 | . . . | 30 | 700 | 711 | 15.88 | 272.23 |
28 | 28 | 0.688 | 200.87 | . . . | . . . | 700 | 711 | 17.48 | 298.96 |
28 | 28 | 0.75 | 218.48 | . . . | . . . | 700 | 711 | 19.05 | 325.08 |
28 | 28 | 0.812 | 236 | . . . | . . . | 700 | 711 | 20.62 | 351.07 |
28 | 28 | 0.875 | 253.72 | . . . | . . . | 700 | 711 | 22.23 | 377.6 |
28 | 28 | 0.938 | 271.36 | . . . | . . . | 700 | 711 | 23.83 | 403.84 |
28 | 28 | 1 | 288.63 | . . . | . . . | 700 | 711 | 25.4 | 429.46 |
30 | 30 | 0.25 | 79.51 | . . . | 5 | 750 | 762 | 6.35 | 118.34 |
30 | 30 | 0.281 | 89.27 | . . . | . . . | 750 | 762 | 7.14 | 132.92 |
30 | 30 | 0.312 | 99.02 | . . . | 10 | 750 | 762 | 7.92 | 147.29 |
30 | 30 | 0.344 | 109.06 | . . . | . . . | 750 | 762 | 8.74 | 162.36 |
30 | 30 | 0.375 | 118.76 | STD | . . . | 750 | 762 | 9.53 | 176.85 |
30 | 30 | 0.406 | 128.44 | . . . | . . . | 750 | 762 | 10.31 | 191.12 |
30 | 30 | 0.438 | 138.42 | . . . | . . . | 750 | 762 | 11.13 | 206.1 |
30 | 30 | 0.469 | 148.06 | . . . | . . . | 750 | 762 | 11.91 | 220.32 |
30 | 30 | 0.5 | 157.68 | XS | 20 | 750 | 762 | 12.7 | 234.68 |
30 | 30 | 0.562 | 176.86 | . . . | . . . | 750 | 762 | 14.27 | 263.14 |
30 | 30 | 0.625 | 196.26 | . . . | 30 | 750 | 762 | 15.88 | 292.2 |
30 | 30 | 0.688 | 215.58 | . . . | . . . | 750 | 762 | 17.48 | 320.95 |
30 | 30 | 0.75 | 234.51 | . . . | . . . | 750 | 762 | 19.05 | 349.04 |
30 | 30 | 0.812 | 253.36 | . . . | . . . | 750 | 762 | 20.62 | 377.01 |
30 | 30 | 0.875 | 272.43 | . . . | . . . | 750 | 762 | 22.23 | 405.56 |
30 | 30 | 0.938 | 291.41 | . . . | . . . | 750 | 762 | 23.83 | 433.81 |
30 | 30 | 1 | 310.01 | . . . | . . . | 750 | 762 | 25.4 | 461.41 |
30 | 30 | 1.062 | 328.53 | . . . | . . . | 750 | 762 | 26.97 | 488.88 |
30 | 30 | 1.125 | 347.26 | . . . | . . . | 750 | 762 | 28.58 | 516.93 |
30 | 30 | 1.188 | 365.9 | . . . | . . . | 750 | 762 | 30.18 | 544.68 |
30 | 30 | 1.25 | 384.17 | . . . | . . . | 750 | 762 | 31.75 | 571.79 |
32 | 32 | 0.25 | 84.85 | . . . | . . . | 800 | 813 | 6.35 | 126.32 |
32 | 32 | 0.281 | 95.28 | . . . | . . . | 800 | 813 | 7.14 | 141.9 |
32 | 32 | 0.312 | 105.69 | . . . | 10 | 800 | 813 | 7.92 | 157.25 |
32 | 32 | 0.344 | 116.41 | . . . | . . . | 800 | 813 | 8.74 | 173.35 |
32 | 32 | 0.375 | 126.78 | STD | . . . | 800 | 813 | 9.53 | 188.83 |
32 | 32 | 0.406 | 137.12 | . . . | . . . | 800 | 813 | 10.31 | 204.09 |
32 | 32 | 0.438 | 147.78 | . . . | . . . | 800 | 813 | 11.13 | 220.1 |
32 | 32 | 0.469 | 158.08 | . . . | . . . | 800 | 813 | 11.91 | 235.29 |
32 | 32 | 0.5 | 168.37 | XS | 20 | 800 | 813 | 12.7 | 250.65 |
32 | 32 | 0.562 | 188.87 | . . . | . . . | 800 | 813 | 14.27 | 281.09 |
32 | 32 | 0.625 | 209.62 | . . . | 30 | 800 | 813 | 15.88 | 312.17 |
32 | 32 | 0.688 | 230.29 | . . . | 40 | 800 | 813 | 17.48 | 342.94 |
32 | 32 | 0.75 | 250.55 | . . . | . . . | 800 | 813 | 19.05 | 373 |
32 | 32 | 0.812 | 270.72 | . . . | . . . | 800 | 813 | 20.62 | 402.94 |
32 | 32 | 0.875 | 291.14 | . . . | . . . | 800 | 813 | 22.23 | 433.52 |
32 | 32 | 0.938 | 311.47 | . . . | . . . | 800 | 813 | 23.83 | 463.78 |
32 | 32 | 1 | 331.39 | . . . | . . . | 800 | 813 | 25.4 | 493.35 |
32 | 32 | 1.062 | 351.23 | . . . | . . . | 800 | 813 | 26.97 | 522.8 |
32 | 32 | 1.125 | 371.31 | . . . | . . . | 800 | 813 | 28.58 | 552.88 |
32 | 32 | 1.188 | 391.3 | . . . | . . . | 800 | 813 | 30.18 | 582.64 |
32 | 32 | 1.25 | 410.9 | . . . | . . . | 800 | 813 | 31.75 | 611.72 |
34 | 34 | 0.25 | 90.2 | . . . | . . . | 850 | 864 | 6.35 | 134.31 |
34 | 34 | 0.281 | 101.29 | . . . | . . . | 850 | 864 | 7.14 | 150.88 |
34 | 34 | 0.312 | 112.36 | . . . | 10 | 850 | 864 | 7.92 | 167.21 |
34 | 34 | 0.344 | 123.77 | . . . | . . . | 850 | 864 | 8.74 | 184.34 |
34 | 34 | 0.375 | 134.79 | STD | . . . | 850 | 864 | 9.53 | 200.82 |
34 | 34 | 0.406 | 145.8 | . . . | . . . | 850 | 864 | 10.31 | 217.06 |
34 | 34 | 0.438 | 157.14 | . . . | . . . | 850 | 864 | 11.13 | 234.1 |
34 | 34 | 0.469 | 168.11 | . . . | . . . | 850 | 864 | 11.91 | 250.27 |
34 | 34 | 0.5 | 179.06 | XS | 20 | 850 | 864 | 12.7 | 266.63 |
34 | 34 | 0.562 | 200.89 | . . . | . . . | 850 | 864 | 14.27 | 299.04 |
34 | 34 | 0.625 | 222.99 | . . . | 30 | 850 | 864 | 15.88 | 332.14 |
34 | 34 | 0.688 | 245 | . . . | 40 | 850 | 864 | 17.48 | 364.92 |
34 | 34 | 0.75 | 266.58 | . . . | . . . | 850 | 864 | 19.05 | 396.96 |
34 | 34 | 0.812 | 288.08 | . . . | . . . | 850 | 864 | 20.62 | 428.88 |
34 | 34 | 0.875 | 309.84 | . . . | . . . | 850 | 864 | 22.23 | 461.48 |
34 | 34 | 0.938 | 331.52 | . . . | . . . | 850 | 864 | 23.83 | 493.75 |
34 | 34 | 1 | 352.77 | . . . | . . . | 850 | 864 | 25.4 | 525.3 |
34 | 34 | 1.062 | 373.94 | . . . | . . . | 850 | 864 | 26.97 | 556.73 |
34 | 34 | 1.125 | 395.36 | . . . | . . . | 850 | 864 | 28.58 | 588.83 |
34 | 34 | 1.188 | 416.7 | . . . | . . . | 850 | 864 | 30.18 | 620.6 |
34 | 34 | 1.25 | 437.62 | . . . | . . . | 850 | 864 | 31.75 | 651.65 |
36 | 36 | 0.25 | 95.54 | . . . | . . . | 900 | 914 | 6.35 | 142.14 |
36 | 36 | 0.281 | 107.3 | . . . | . . . | 900 | 914 | 7.14 | 159.68 |
36 | 36 | 0.312 | 119.03 | . . . | 10 | 900 | 914 | 7.92 | 176.97 |
36 | 36 | 0.344 | 131.12 | . . . | . . . | 900 | 914 | 8.74 | 195.12 |
36 | 36 | 0.375 | 142.81 | STD | . . . | 900 | 914 | 9.53 | 212.57 |
36 | 36 | 0.406 | 154.48 | . . . | . . . | 900 | 914 | 10.31 | 229.77 |
36 | 36 | 0.438 | 166.51 | . . . | . . . | 900 | 914 | 11.13 | 247.82 |
36 | 36 | 0.469 | 178.14 | . . . | . . . | 900 | 914 | 11.91 | 264.96 |
36 | 36 | 0.5 | 189.75 | XS | 20 | 900 | 914 | 12.7 | 282.29 |
36 | 36 | 0.562 | 212.9 | . . . | . . . | 900 | 914 | 14.27 | 316.63 |
36 | 36 | 0.625 | 236.35 | . . . | 30 | 900 | 914 | 15.88 | 351.73 |
36 | 36 | 0.688 | 259.71 | . . . | . . . | 900 | 914 | 17.48 | 386.47 |
36 | 36 | 0.75 | 282.62 | . . . | 40 | 900 | 914 | 19.05 | 420.45 |
36 | 36 | 0.812 | 305.44 | . . . | . . . | 900 | 914 | 20.62 | 454.3 |
36 | 36 | 0.875 | 328.55 | . . . | . . . | 900 | 914 | 22.23 | 488.89 |
36 | 36 | 0.938 | 351.57 | . . . | . . . | 900 | 914 | 23.83 | 523.14 |
36 | 36 | 1 | 374.15 | . . . | . . . | 900 | 914 | 25.4 | 556.62 |
36 | 36 | 1.062 | 396.64 | . . . | . . . | 900 | 914 | 26.97 | 589.98 |
36 | 36 | 1.125 | 419.42 | . . . | . . . | 900 | 914 | 28.58 | 624.07 |
36 | 36 | 1.188 | 442.1 | . . . | . . . | 900 | 914 | 30.18 | 657.81 |
36 | 36 | 1.25 | 464.35 | . . . | . . . | 900 | 914 | 31.75 | 690.8 |
38 | 38 | 0.312 | 125.7 | . . . | . . . | 950 | 965 | 7.92 | 186.94 |
38 | 38 | 0.344 | 138.47 | . . . | . . . | 950 | 965 | 8.74 | 206.11 |
38 | 38 | 0.375 | 150.83 | STD | . . . | 950 | 965 | 9.53 | 224.56 |
38 | 38 | 0.406 | 163.16 | . . . | . . . | 950 | 965 | 10.31 | 242.74 |
38 | 38 | 0.438 | 175.87 | . . . | . . . | 950 | 965 | 11.13 | 261.82 |
38 | 38 | 0.469 | 188.17 | . . . | . . . | 950 | 965 | 11.91 | 279.94 |
38 | 38 | 0.5 | 200.44 | XS | . . . | 950 | 965 | 12.7 | 298.26 |
38 | 38 | 0.562 | 224.92 | . . . | . . . | 950 | 965 | 14.27 | 334.58 |
38 | 38 | 0.625 | 249.71 | . . . | . . . | 950 | 965 | 15.88 | 371.7 |
38 | 38 | 0.688 | 274.42 | . . . | . . . | 950 | 965 | 17.48 | 408.46 |
38 | 38 | 0.75 | 298.65 | . . . | . . . | 950 | 965 | 19.05 | 444.41 |
38 | 38 | 0.812 | 322.8 | . . . | . . . | 950 | 965 | 20.62 | 480.24 |
38 | 38 | 0.875 | 347.26 | . . . | . . . | 950 | 965 | 22.23 | 516.85 |
38 | 38 | 0.938 | 371.63 | . . . | . . . | 950 | 965 | 23.83 | 553.11 |
38 | 38 | 1 | 395.53 | . . . | . . . | 950 | 965 | 25.4 | 588.57 |
38 | 38 | 1.062 | 419.35 | . . . | . . . | 950 | 965 | 26.97 | 623.9 |
38 | 38 | 1.125 | 443.47 | . . . | . . . | 950 | 965 | 28.58 | 660.01 |
38 | 38 | 1.188 | 467.5 | . . . | . . . | 950 | 965 | 30.18 | 695.77 |
38 | 38 | 1.25 | 491.07 | . . . | . . . | 950 | 965 | 31.75 | 730.74 |
40 | 40 | 0.312 | 132.37 | . . . | . . . | 1 000 | 1 016 | 7.92 | 196.9 |
40 | 40 | 0.344 | 145.83 | . . . | . . . | 1 000 | 1 016 | 8.74 | 217.11 |
40 | 40 | 0.375 | 158.85 | STD | . . . | 1 000 | 1 016 | 9.53 | 236.54 |
40 | 40 | 0.406 | 171.84 | . . . | . . . | 1 000 | 1 016 | 10.31 | 255.71 |
40 | 40 | 0.438 | 185.24 | . . . | . . . | 1 000 | 1 016 | 11.13 | 275.82 |
40 | 40 | 0.469 | 198.19 | . . . | . . . | 1 000 | 1 016 | 11.91 | 294.92 |
40 | 40 | 0.5 | 211.13 | XS | . . . | 1 000 | 1 016 | 12.7 | 314.23 |
40 | 40 | 0.562 | 236.93 | . . . | . . . | 1 000 | 1 016 | 14.27 | 352.53 |
40 | 40 | 0.625 | 263.07 | . . . | . . . | 1 000 | 1 016 | 15.88 | 391.67 |
40 | 40 | 0.688 | 289.13 | . . . | . . . | 1 000 | 1 016 | 17.48 | 430.45 |
40 | 40 | 0.75 | 314.69 | . . . | . . . | 1 000 | 1 016 | 19.05 | 468.37 |
40 | 40 | 0.812 | 340.16 | . . . | . . . | 1 000 | 1 016 | 20.62 | 506.17 |
40 | 40 | 0.875 | 365.97 | . . . | . . . | 1 000 | 1 016 | 22.23 | 544.81 |
40 | 40 | 0.938 | 391.68 | . . . | . . . | 1 000 | 1 016 | 23.83 | 583.08 |
40 | 40 | 1 | 416.91 | . . . | . . . | 1 000 | 1 016 | 25.4 | 620.51 |
40 | 40 | 1.062 | 442.05 | . . . | . . . | 1 000 | 1 016 | 26.97 | 657.82 |
40 | 40 | 1.125 | 467.52 | . . . | . . . | 1 000 | 1 016 | 28.58 | 695.96 |
40 | 40 | 1.188 | 492.9 | . . . | . . . | 1 000 | 1 016 | 30.18 | 733.73 |
40 | 40 | 1.25 | 517.8 | . . . | . . . | 1 000 | 1 016 | 31.75 | 770.67 |
42 | 42 | 0.344 | 153.18 | . . . | . . . | 1 050 | 1 067 | 8.74 | 228.1 |
42 | 42 | 0.375 | 166.86 | STD | . . . | 1 050 | 1 067 | 9.53 | 248.53 |
42 | 42 | 0.406 | 180.52 | . . . | . . . | 1 050 | 1 067 | 10.31 | 268.67 |
42 | 42 | 0.438 | 194.6 | . . . | . . . | 1 050 | 1 067 | 11.13 | 289.82 |
42 | 42 | 0.469 | 208.22 | . . . | . . . | 1 050 | 1 067 | 11.91 | 309.9 |
42 | 42 | 0.5 | 221.82 | XS | . . . | 1 050 | 1 067 | 12.7 | 330.21 |
42 | 42 | 0.562 | 248.95 | . . . | . . . | 1 050 | 1 067 | 14.27 | 370.48 |
42 | 42 | 0.625 | 276.44 | . . . | . . . | 1 050 | 1 067 | 15.88 | 411.64 |
42 | 42 | 0.688 | 303.84 | . . . | . . . | 1 050 | 1 067 | 17.48 | 452.43 |
42 | 42 | 0.75 | 330.72 | . . . | . . . | 1 050 | 1 067 | 19.05 | 492.33 |
42 | 42 | 0.812 | 357.52 | . . . | . . . | 1 050 | 1 067 | 20.62 | 532.11 |
42 | 42 | 0.875 | 384.67 | . . . | . . . | 1 050 | 1 067 | 22.23 | 572.77 |
42 | 42 | 0.938 | 411.74 | . . . | . . . | 1 050 | 1 067 | 23.83 | 613.05 |
42 | 42 | 1 | 438.29 | . . . | . . . | 1 050 | 1 067 | 25.4 | 652.46 |
42 | 42 | 1.062 | 464.76 | . . . | . . . | 1 050 | 1 067 | 26.97 | 691.75 |
42 | 42 | 1.125 | 491.57 | . . . | . . . | 1 050 | 1 067 | 28.58 | 731.91 |
42 | 42 | 1.188 | 518.3 | . . . | . . . | 1 050 | 1 067 | 30.18 | 771.69 |
42 | 42 | 1.25 | 544.52 | . . . | . . . | 1 050 | 1 067 | 31.75 | 810.6 |
44 | 44 | 0.344 | 160.54 | . . . | . . . | 1 100 | 1 118 | 8.74 | 239.09 |
44 | 44 | 0.375 | 174.88 | STD | . . . | 1 100 | 1 118 | 9.53 | 260.52 |
44 | 44 | 0.406 | 189.2 | . . . | . . . | 1 100 | 1 118 | 10.31 | 281.64 |
44 | 44 | 0.438 | 203.97 | . . . | . . . | 1 100 | 1 118 | 11.13 | 303.82 |
44 | 44 | 0.469 | 218.25 | . . . | . . . | 1 100 | 1 118 | 11.91 | 324.88 |
44 | 44 | 0.5 | 232.51 | XS | . . . | 1 100 | 1 118 | 12.7 | 346.18 |
44 | 44 | 0.562 | 260.97 | . . . | . . . | 1 100 | 1 118 | 14.27 | 388.42 |
44 | 44 | 0.625 | 289.8 | . . . | . . . | 1 100 | 1 118 | 15.88 | 431.62 |
44 | 44 | 0.688 | 318.55 | . . . | . . . | 1 100 | 1 118 | 17.48 | 474.42 |
44 | 44 | 0.75 | 346.76 | . . . | . . . | 1 100 | 1 118 | 19.05 | 516.29 |
44 | 44 | 0.812 | 374.88 | . . . | . . . | 1 100 | 1 118 | 20.62 | 558.04 |
44 | 44 | 0.875 | 403.38 | . . . | . . . | 1 100 | 1 118 | 22.23 | 600.73 |
44 | 44 | 0.938 | 431.79 | . . . | . . . | 1 100 | 1 118 | 23.83 | 643.03 |
44 | 44 | 1 | 459.67 | . . . | . . . | 1 100 | 1 118 | 25.4 | 684.41 |
44 | 44 | 1.062 | 487.47 | . . . | . . . | 1 100 | 1 118 | 26.97 | 725.67 |
44 | 44 | 1.125 | 515.63 | . . . | . . . | 1 100 | 1 118 | 28.58 | 767.85 |
44 | 44 | 1.188 | 543.7 | . . . | . . . | 1 100 | 1 118 | 30.18 | 809.65 |
44 | 44 | 1.25 | 571.25 | . . . | . . . | 1 100 | 1 118 | 31.75 | 850.54 |
46 | 46 | 0.344 | 167.89 | . . . | . . . | 1 150 | 1 168 | 8.74 | 249.87 |
46 | 46 | 0.375 | 182.9 | STD | . . . | 1 150 | 1 168 | 9.53 | 272.27 |
46 | 46 | 0.406 | 197.88 | . . . | . . . | 1 150 | 1 168 | 10.31 | 294.35 |
46 | 46 | 0.438 | 213.33 | . . . | . . . | 1 150 | 1 168 | 11.13 | 317.54 |
46 | 46 | 0.469 | 228.27 | . . . | . . . | 1 150 | 1 168 | 11.91 | 339.56 |
46 | 46 | 0.5 | 243.2 | XS | . . . | 1 150 | 1 168 | 12.7 | 361.84 |
46 | 46 | 0.562 | 272.98 | . . . | . . . | 1 150 | 1 168 | 14.27 | 406.02 |
46 | 46 | 0.625 | 303.16 | . . . | . . . | 1 150 | 1 168 | 15.88 | 451.2 |
46 | 46 | 0.688 | 333.26 | . . . | . . . | 1 150 | 1 168 | 17.48 | 495.97 |
46 | 46 | 0.75 | 362.79 | . . . | . . . | 1 150 | 1 168 | 19.05 | 539.78 |
46 | 46 | 0.812 | 392.24 | . . . | . . . | 1 150 | 1 168 | 20.62 | 583.47 |
46 | 46 | 0.875 | 422.09 | . . . | . . . | 1 150 | 1 168 | 22.23 | 628.14 |
46 | 46 | 0.938 | 451.85 | . . . | . . . | 1 150 | 1 168 | 23.83 | 672.41 |
46 | 46 | 1 | 481.05 | . . . | . . . | 1 150 | 1 168 | 25.4 | 715.73 |
46 | 46 | 1.062 | 510.17 | . . . | . . . | 1 150 | 1 168 | 26.97 | 758.92 |
46 | 46 | 1.125 | 539.68 | . . . | . . . | 1 150 | 1 168 | 28.58 | 803.09 |
46 | 46 | 1.188 | 569.1 | . . . | . . . | 1 150 | 1 168 | 30.18 | 846.86 |
46 | 46 | 1.25 | 597.97 | . . . | . . . | 1 150 | 1 168 | 31.75 | 889.69 |
48 | 48 | 0.344 | 175.25 | . . . | . . . | 1 200 | 1 219 | 8.74 | 260.86 |
48 | 48 | 0.375 | 190.92 | STD | . . . | 1 200 | 1 219 | 9.53 | 284.25 |
48 | 48 | 0.406 | 206.56 | . . . | . . . | 1 200 | 1 219 | 10.31 | 307.32 |
48 | 48 | 0.438 | 222.7 | . . . | . . . | 1 200 | 1 219 | 11.13 | 331.54 |
48 | 48 | 0.469 | 238.3 | . . . | . . . | 1 200 | 1 219 | 11.91 | 354.54 |
48 | 48 | 0.5 | 253.89 | XS | . . . | 1 200 | 1 219 | 12.7 | 377.81 |
48 | 48 | 0.562 | 285 | . . . | . . . | 1 200 | 1 219 | 14.27 | 423.97 |
48 | 48 | 0.625 | 316.52 | . . . | . . . | 1 200 | 1 219 | 15.88 | 471.17 |
48 | 48 | 0.688 | 347.97 | . . . | . . . | 1 200 | 1 219 | 17.48 | 517.95 |
48 | 48 | 0.75 | 378.83 | . . . | . . . | 1 200 | 1 219 | 19.05 | 563.74 |
48 | 48 | 0.812 | 409.61 | . . . | . . . | 1 200 | 1 219 | 20.62 | 609.4 |
48 | 48 | 0.875 | 440.8 | . . . | . . . | 1 200 | 1 219 | 22.23 | 656.1 |
48 | 48 | 0.938 | 471.9 | . . . | . . . | 1 200 | 1 219 | 23.83 | 702.38 |
48 | 48 | 1 | 502.43 | . . . | . . . | 1 200 | 1 219 | 25.4 | 747.67 |
48 | 48 | 1.062 | 532.88 | . . . | . . . | 1 200 | 1 219 | 26.97 | 792.84 |
48 | 48 | 1.125 | 563.73 | . . . | . . . | 1 200 | 1 219 | 28.58 | 839.04 |
48 | 48 | 1.188 | 594.5 | . . . | . . . | 1 200 | 1 219 | 30.18 | 884.82 |
48 | 48 | 1.25 | 624.7 | . . . | . . . | 1 200 | 1 219 | 31.75 | 929.62 |
52 | 52 | 0.375 | 206.95 | . . . | . . . | 1 300 | 1 321 | 9.53 | 308.23 |
52 | 52 | 0.406 | 223.93 | . . . | . . . | 1 300 | 1 321 | 10.31 | 333.26 |
52 | 52 | 0.438 | 241.42 | . . . | . . . | 1 300 | 1 321 | 11.13 | 359.54 |
52 | 52 | 0.469 | 258.36 | . . . | . . . | 1 300 | 1 321 | 11.91 | 384.5 |
52 | 52 | 0.5 | 275.27 | . . . | . . . | 1 300 | 1 321 | 12.7 | 409.76 |
52 | 52 | 0.562 | 309.03 | . . . | . . . | 1 300 | 1 321 | 14.27 | 459.86 |
52 | 52 | 0.625 | 343.25 | . . . | . . . | 1 300 | 1 321 | 15.88 | 511.12 |
52 | 52 | 0.688 | 377.39 | . . . | . . . | 1 300 | 1 321 | 17.48 | 561.93 |
52 | 52 | 0.75 | 410.9 | . . . | . . . | 1 300 | 1 321 | 19.05 | 611.66 |
52 | 52 | 0.812 | 444.33 | . . . | . . . | 1 300 | 1 321 | 20.62 | 661.27 |
52 | 52 | 0.875 | 478.21 | . . . | . . . | 1 300 | 1 321 | 22.23 | 712.02 |
52 | 52 | 0.938 | 512.01 | . . . | . . . | 1 300 | 1 321 | 23.83 | 762.33 |
52 | 52 | 1 | 545.19 | . . . | . . . | 1 300 | 1 321 | 25.4 | 811.57 |
52 | 52 | 1.062 | 578.29 | . . . | . . . | 1 300 | 1 321 | 26.97 | 860.69 |
52 | 52 | 1.125 | 611.84 | . . . | . . . | 1 300 | 1 321 | 28.58 | 910.93 |
52 | 52 | 1.188 | 645.3 | . . . | . . . | 1 300 | 1 321 | 30.18 | 960.74 |
52 | 52 | 1.25 | 678.15 | . . . | . . . | 1 300 | 1 321 | 31.75 | 1 009.49 |
56 | 56 | 0.375 | 222.99 | . . . | . . . | 1 400 | 1 422 | 9.53 | 331.96 |
56 | 56 | 0.406 | 241.29 | . . . | . . . | 1 400 | 1 422 | 10.31 | 358.94 |
56 | 56 | 0.438 | 260.15 | . . . | . . . | 1 400 | 1 422 | 11.13 | 387.26 |
56 | 56 | 0.469 | 278.41 | . . . | . . . | 1 400 | 1 422 | 11.91 | 414.17 |
56 | 56 | 0.5 | 296.65 | . . . | . . . | 1 400 | 1 422 | 12.7 | 441.39 |
56 | 56 | 0.562 | 333.06 | . . . | . . . | 1 400 | 1 422 | 14.27 | 495.41 |
56 | 56 | 0.625 | 369.97 | . . . | . . . | 1 400 | 1 422 | 15.88 | 550.67 |
56 | 56 | 0.688 | 406.8 | . . . | . . . | 1 400 | 1 422 | 17.48 | 605.46 |
56 | 56 | 0.75 | 442.97 | . . . | . . . | 1 400 | 1 422 | 19.05 | 659.11 |
56 | 56 | 0.812 | 479.05 | . . . | . . . | 1 400 | 1 422 | 20.62 | 712.63 |
56 | 56 | 0.875 | 515.63 | . . . | . . . | 1 400 | 1 422 | 22.23 | 767.39 |
56 | 56 | 0.938 | 552.12 | . . . | . . . | 1 400 | 1 422 | 23.83 | 821.68 |
56 | 56 | 1 | 587.95 | . . . | . . . | 1 400 | 1 422 | 25.4 | 874.83 |
56 | 56 | 1.062 | 623.7 | . . . | . . . | 1 400 | 1 422 | 26.97 | 927.86 |
56 | 56 | 1.125 | 659.94 | . . . | . . . | 1 400 | 1 422 | 28.58 | 982.12 |
56 | 56 | 1.188 | 696.1 | . . . | . . . | 1 400 | 1 422 | 30.18 | 1 035.91 |
56 | 56 | 1.25 | 731.6 | . . . | . . . | 1 400 | 1 422 | 31.75 | 1 088.57 |
60 | 60 | 0.375 | 239.02 | . . . | . . . | 1 500 | 1 524 | 9.53 | 355.94 |
60 | 60 | 0.406 | 258.65 | . . . | . . . | 1 500 | 1 524 | 10.31 | 384.87 |
60 | 60 | 0.438 | 278.88 | . . . | . . . | 1 500 | 1 524 | 11.13 | 415.26 |
60 | 60 | 0.469 | 298.47 | . . . | . . . | 1 500 | 1 524 | 11.91 | 444.13 |
60 | 60 | 0.5 | 318.03 | . . . | . . . | 1 500 | 1 524 | 12.7 | 473.34 |
60 | 60 | 0.562 | 357.09 | . . . | . . . | 1 500 | 1 524 | 14.27 | 531.3 |
60 | 60 | 0.625 | 396.7 | . . . | . . . | 1 500 | 1 524 | 15.88 | 590.62 |
60 | 60 | 0.688 | 436.22 | . . . | . . . | 1 500 | 1 524 | 17.48 | 649.44 |
60 | 60 | 0.75 | 475.04 | . . . | . . . | 1 500 | 1 524 | 19.05 | 707.03 |
60 | 60 | 0.812 | 513.77 | . . . | . . . | 1 500 | 1 524 | 20.62 | 764.5 |
60 | 60 | 0.875 | 553.04 | . . . | . . . | 1 500 | 1 524 | 22.23 | 823.31 |
60 | 60 | 0.938 | 592.23 | . . . | . . . | 1 500 | 1 524 | 23.83 | 881.63 |
60 | 60 | 1 | 630.71 | . . . | . . . | 1 500 | 1 524 | 25.4 | 938.73 |
60 | 60 | 1.062 | 669.11 | . . . | . . . | 1 500 | 1 524 | 26.97 | 995.71 |
60 | 60 | 1.125 | 708.05 | . . . | . . . | 1 500 | 1 524 | 28.58 | 1 054.01 |
60 | 60 | 1.188 | 746.9 | . . . | . . . | 1 500 | 1 524 | 30.18 | 1 111.83 |
60 | 60 | 1.25 | 785.05 | . . . | . . . | 1 500 | 1 524 | 31.75 | 1 168.44 |
64 | 64 | 0.375 | 255.06 | . . . | . . . | 1 600 | 1 626 | 9.53 | 379.91 |
64 | 64 | 0.406 | 276.01 | . . . | . . . | 1 600 | 1 626 | 10.31 | 410.81 |
64 | 64 | 0.438 | 297.61 | . . . | . . . | 1 600 | 1 626 | 11.13 | 443.25 |
64 | 64 | 0.469 | 318.52 | . . . | . . . | 1 600 | 1 626 | 11.91 | 474.09 |
64 | 64 | 0.5 | 339.41 | . . . | . . . | 1 600 | 1 626 | 12.7 | 505.29 |
64 | 64 | 0.562 | 381.12 | . . . | . . . | 1 600 | 1 626 | 14.27 | 567.2 |
64 | 64 | 0.625 | 423.42 | . . . | . . . | 1 600 | 1 626 | 15.88 | 630.56 |
64 | 64 | 0.688 | 465.64 | . . . | . . . | 1 600 | 1 626 | 17.48 | 693.41 |
64 | 64 | 0.75 | 507.11 | . . . | . . . | 1 600 | 1 626 | 19.05 | 754.95 |
64 | 64 | 0.812 | 548.49 | . . . | . . . | 1 600 | 1 626 | 20.62 | 816.37 |
64 | 64 | 0.875 | 590.46 | . . . | . . . | 1 600 | 1 626 | 22.23 | 879.23 |
64 | 64 | 0.938 | 632.34 | . . . | . . . | 1 600 | 1 626 | 23.83 | 941.57 |
64 | 64 | 1 | 673.47 | . . . | . . . | 1 600 | 1 626 | 25.4 | 1 002.62 |
64 | 64 | 1.062 | 714.52 | . . . | . . . | 1 600 | 1 626 | 26.97 | 1 063.55 |
64 | 64 | 1.125 | 756.15 | . . . | . . . | 1 600 | 1 626 | 28.58 | 1 125.90 |
64 | 64 | 1.188 | 797.69 | . . . | . . . | 1 600 | 1 626 | 30.18 | 1 187.74 |
64 | 64 | 1.25 | 838.5 | . . . | . . . | 1 600 | 1 626 | 31.75 | 1 248.30 |
68 | 68 | 0.469 | 338.57 | . . . | . . . | 1 700 | 1 727 | 11.91 | 503.75 |
68 | 68 | 0.5 | 360.79 | . . . | . . . | 1 700 | 1 727 | 12.7 | 536.92 |
68 | 68 | 0.562 | 405.15 | . . . | . . . | 1 700 | 1 727 | 14.27 | 602.74 |
68 | 68 | 0.625 | 450.15 | . . . | . . . | 1 700 | 1 727 | 15.88 | 670.12 |
68 | 68 | 0.688 | 495.06 | . . . | . . . | 1 700 | 1 727 | 17.48 | 736.95 |
68 | 68 | 0.75 | 539.18 | . . . | . . . | 1 700 | 1 727 | 19.05 | 802.4 |
68 | 68 | 0.812 | 583.21 | . . . | . . . | 1 700 | 1 727 | 20.62 | 867.73 |
68 | 68 | 0.875 | 627.87 | . . . | . . . | 1 700 | 1 727 | 22.23 | 934.6 |
68 | 68 | 0.938 | 672.45 | . . . | . . . | 1 700 | 1 727 | 23.83 | 1 000.92 |
68 | 68 | 1 | 716.23 | . . . | . . . | 1 700 | 1 727 | 25.4 | 1 065.89 |
68 | 68 | 1.062 | 759.93 | . . . | . . . | 1 700 | 1 727 | 26.97 | 1 130.73 |
68 | 68 | 1.125 | 804.26 | . . . | . . . | 1 700 | 1 727 | 28.58 | 1 197.09 |
68 | 68 | 1.188 | 848.49 | . . . | . . . | 1 700 | 1 727 | 30.18 | 1 262.92 |
68 | 68 | 1.25 | 891.95 | . . . | . . . | 1 700 | 1 727 | 31.75 | 1 327.39 |
72 | 72 | 0.5 | 382.17 | . . . | . . . | 1 800 | 1 829 | 12.7 | 568.87 |
72 | 72 | 0.562 | 429.18 | . . . | . . . | 1 800 | 1 829 | 14.27 | 638.64 |
72 | 72 | 0.625 | 476.87 | . . . | . . . | 1 800 | 1 829 | 15.88 | 710.06 |
72 | 72 | 0.688 | 524.48 | . . . | . . . | 1 800 | 1 829 | 17.48 | 780.92 |
72 | 72 | 0.75 | 571.25 | . . . | . . . | 1 800 | 1 829 | 19.05 | 850.32 |
72 | 72 | 0.812 | 617.93 | . . . | . . . | 1 800 | 1 829 | 20.62 | 919.6 |
72 | 72 | 0.875 | 665.29 | . . . | . . . | 1 800 | 1 829 | 22.23 | 990.52 |
72 | 72 | 0.938 | 712.55 | . . . | . . . | 1 800 | 1 829 | 23.83 | 1 060.87 |
72 | 72 | 1 | 758.99 | . . . | . . . | 1 800 | 1 829 | 25.4 | 1 129.78 |
72 | 72 | 1.062 | 805.34 | . . . | . . . | 1 800 | 1 829 | 26.97 | 1 198.57 |
72 | 72 | 1.125 | 852.36 | . . . | . . . | 1 800 | 1 829 | 28.58 | 1 268.98 |
72 | 72 | 1.188 | 899.29 | . . . | . . . | 1 800 | 1 829 | 30.18 | 1 338.83 |
72 | 72 | 1.25 | 945.4 | . . . | . . . | 1 800 | 1 829 | 31.75 | 1 407.25 |
76 | 76 | 0.5 | 403.55 | . . . | . . . | 1 900 | 1 930 | 12.7 | 600.5 |
76 | 76 | 0.562 | 453.21 | . . . | . . . | 1 900 | 1 930 | 14.27 | 674.18 |
76 | 76 | 0.625 | 503.6 | . . . | . . . | 1 900 | 1 930 | 15.88 | 749.62 |
76 | 76 | 0.688 | 553.9 | . . . | . . . | 1 900 | 1 930 | 17.48 | 824.45 |
76 | 76 | 0.75 | 603.32 | . . . | . . . | 1 900 | 1 930 | 19.05 | 897.77 |
76 | 76 | 0.812 | 652.65 | . . . | . . . | 1 900 | 1 930 | 20.62 | 970.96 |
76 | 76 | 0.875 | 702.7 | . . . | . . . | 1 900 | 1 930 | 22.23 | 1 045.89 |
76 | 76 | 0.938 | 752.66 | . . . | . . . | 1 900 | 1 930 | 23.83 | 1 120.22 |
76 | 76 | 1 | 801.75 | . . . | . . . | 1 900 | 1 930 | 25.4 | 1 193.05 |
76 | 76 | 1.062 | 850.75 | . . . | . . . | 1 900 | 1 930 | 26.97 | 1 265.74 |
76 | 76 | 1.125 | 900.47 | . . . | . . . | 1 900 | 1 930 | 28.58 | 1 340.17 |
76 | 76 | 1.188 | 950.09 | . . . | . . . | 1 900 | 1 930 | 30.18 | 1 414.01 |
76 | 76 | 1.25 | 998.85 | . . . | . . . | 1 900 | 1 930 | 31.75 | 1 486.33 |
80 | 80 | 0.562 | 477.25 | . . . | . . . | 2 000 | 2 032 | 14.27 | 710.08 |
80 | 80 | 0.625 | 530.32 | . . . | . . . | 2 000 | 2 032 | 15.88 | 789.56 |
80 | 80 | 0.688 | 583.32 | . . . | . . . | 2 000 | 2 032 | 17.48 | 868.43 |
80 | 80 | 0.75 | 635.39 | . . . | . . . | 2 000 | 2 032 | 19.05 | 945.69 |
80 | 80 | 0.812 | 687.37 | . . . | . . . | 2 000 | 2 032 | 20.62 | 1 022.83 |
80 | 80 | 0.875 | 740.12 | . . . | . . . | 2 000 | 2 032 | 22.23 | 1 101.81 |
80 | 80 | 0.938 | 792.77 | . . . | . . . | 2 000 | 2 032 | 23.83 | 1 180.17 |
80 | 80 | 1 | 844.51 | . . . | . . . | 2 000 | 2 032 | 25.4 | 1 256.94 |
80 | 80 | 1.062 | 896.17 | . . . | . . . | 2 000 | 2 032 | 26.97 | 1 333.59 |
80 | 80 | 1.125 | 948.57 | . . . | . . . | 2 000 | 2 032 | 28.58 | 1 412.06 |
80 | 80 | 1.188 | 1,000.89 | . . . | . . . | 2 000 | 2 032 | 30.18 | 1 489.92 |
80 | 80 | 1.25 | 1,052.30 | . . . | . . . | 2 000 | 2 032 | 31.75 | 1 566.20 |
NOTES: (1) NPS (Nominal Pipe Size) is a dimensionless designator that has been substituted in the customary units section for the previous term Inch Nominal Size. (2) DN (Nominal Diameter) is a dimensionless designator used in the SI (metric) system to describe pipe size. |
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AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARDS FOR PRODUCT SIZES | |||||||||
The American Society Of Mechanical Engineers | American National Standards Institute | ||||||||
ASME B36.10M | ANSI B36.10M |
There are many different types of steel pipes available, each with its own unique properties and intended applications. Here are some of the most common types of steel pipes:
Seamless steel Pipe (SMLS Pipe) is a type of steel pipe that is manufactured without a seam or weld joint. Unlike welded pipes, seamless steel pipes do not have a welded seam, which makes them stronger and more durable. The lack of seams also makes seamless steel pipes more resistant to corrosion and leakages, which makes them suitable for use in high-pressure applications such as pipelines for transporting oil and gas, hydraulic systems, and boiler tubes. The manufacturing process for seamless steel pipes involves heating a round billet of steel to an extremely high temperature and then piercing it with a mandrel to create a hollow tube. The tube is then cold-drawn over a mandrel to reduce its diameter and wall thickness to the desired specifications.
Production of seamless steel pipes.
Seamless steel pipes are widely used in various industries for the transportation of liquids and gases. The production of seamless steel pipes involves a series of complex processes, including:
The production of seamless steel pipes requires a high level of expertise, precision, and attention to detail, as any defects in the production process can result in a subpar product that may not meet industry standards or customer requirements.
Application of seamless steel Pipe.
Seamless steel pipes are widely used in various industries and applications due to their unique characteristics, such as high strength, excellent corrosion resistance, and good dimensional accuracy. Some of the common applications of seamless steel pipes are:
Electric Resistance Welded (ERW) pipe is a pipe produced through a process of resistance welding. It is a cost-effective and efficient method for making pipes for a wide range of applications, including oil and gas pipelines, structural supports, water and sewage systems, and many more.
In the ERW process, a flat steel strip is passed through a series of rollers to form it into a cylindrical shape, and then it is welded along the seam to make a continuous length of pipe. The welding process uses high-frequency electrical current to heat the edges of the steel strip until they reach the melting point, at which point they are fused together to create a strong, seamless weld.
ERW pipes offer several benefits over other types of pipes, including high productivity, low production cost, and flexibility in terms of the diameter and thickness of the pipe that can be produced. They are also commonly used because of their reliability and durability, making them suitable for a wide range of applications.
Production Process Electric Resistance Welded Pipe.
The production process of Electric Resistance Welded (ERW) pipes involves the following steps:
The ERW pipe production process is fast and efficient, with a high-speed production line capable of producing hundreds of pipes per hour. The resulting pipes are strong, durable, and uniform in shape, making them suitable for a wide range of applications in various industries.
Application of Electric Resistance Welded Pipe (ERW) .
Electric Resistance Welded (ERW) pipes are widely used in various applications, including:
ERW pipes are popular for their low cost, high strength, and ease of installation. They are also versatile and can be used for a wide range of applications, making them a popular choice for many industries.
Double Submerged Arc Welded (DSAW) pipe is a type of steel pipe that is formed by rolling a flat steel plate into a cylinder and then welding the two edges of the plate together along the seam. This type of welding is also referred to as Submerged Arc Welding (SAW) because the welding arc is submerged under a flux layer, which helps to protect the weld from oxidation and contamination.
The DSAW process is typically used for large-diameter pipes and results in a high-quality weld that is stronger and more uniform than pipes produced by other welding methods. Additionally, the DSAW process is more efficient than other welding methods and can produce longer lengths of pipe without the need for seams or joints.
DSAW pipes are commonly used in a variety of applications, including oil and gas pipelines, water and sewage systems, and structural applications such as bridges and buildings. The high-quality welds and uniformity of the pipe make it an ideal choice for these applications, where the strength and reliability of the pipe are critical.
Production Process of Double Submerged Arc Welded Pipe.
Double Submerged Arc Welded (DSAW) pipe is a type of steel pipe made by bending and welding steel plates. The production process of DSAW pipe involves the following steps:
This is a general overview of the DSAW pipe production process. The exact details may vary depending on the manufacturer and the specific requirements of the customer.
Application of Double Submerged Arc Welded Pipe.
Double Submerged Arc Welded (DSAW) pipes are widely used in various industries and applications due to their excellent strength, durability, and cost-effectiveness. Some of the common applications of DSAW pipes include:
Overall, the versatility, strength, and cost-effectiveness of DSAW pipes make them an ideal choice for a wide range of industrial applications.
Longitudinally Submerged Arc Welded (LSAW) Pipe is a type of steel pipe made by bending and welding steel plates to produce a cylindrical shape. It is widely used in the oil and gas industry, as well as in other industries, such as construction and transportation.
The LSAW process starts with cutting steel plates into rectangular shapes and then rolling them into a pipe shape. The edges of the plates are then beveled to prepare them for welding. The plates are then positioned longitudinally, with the edges overlapping, and welded together using a submerged arc welding process.
LSAW pipes have several advantages over other types of pipes. They are very strong, have a high capacity for carrying liquids or gases, and are less susceptible to corrosion and cracking. They are also less prone to deformation due to welding and are therefore more suitable for high-pressure applications.
The primary disadvantage of LSAW pipes is that they are more expensive to produce than other types of pipes, due to the need for specialized equipment and the lengthier production process. However, the increased cost is often outweighed by the benefits of the increased strength and durability of the pipes.
Production Process Longitudinally Submerged Arc Welded Pipe.
The Longitudinally Submerged Arc Welded (LSAW) pipe production process involves forming steel plates into cylindrical shapes and then welding the seams together longitudinally, using a submerged arc welding process. This method of pipe production results in a high-quality, durable product that is well-suited for use in various applications, including the transportation of oil, natural gas, and other liquids.
Here is an overview of the production process for LSAW pipes:
Overall, the LSAW pipe production process results in a high-quality product that is durable, reliable, and well-suited for use in a variety of applications.
Application of Longitudinally Submerged Arc Welded Pipe.
Longitudinally Submerged Arc Welded (LSAW) pipes are widely used in various applications due to their unique features and benefits. Some of the most common applications of LSAW pipes include:
Overall, the versatility, durability, and reliability of LSAW pipes make them an ideal choice for a wide range of applications in various industries.
Submerged Arc Welded (SAW) Pipe is a type of welded pipe that is made by welding a steel plate or a coil into a cylindrical shape. The process of making SAW pipes involves bending the steel plate into a circular shape and then welding it along the edges using a welding process called Submerged Arc Welding. This process involves a consumable electrode and a welding flux, which is fed into the weld joint and creates a weld pool, resulting in a strong and uniform weld.
SAW pipes are widely used in various industries such as oil and gas, petrochemical, power generation, and construction, among others. They are known for their high strength, durability, and resistance to corrosion, making them an ideal choice for applications where these properties are important. SAW pipes can also be manufactured in large diameters, making them ideal for use in pipelines and large-scale construction projects.
Production Process Submerged Arc Welded (SAW) Pipe.
Submerged Arc Welded (SAW) pipe is a type of pipe that is manufactured using a welding process where the welding arc is submerged in a flux layer. The process is used to produce large-diameter, thick-walled pipes that are commonly used in the oil and gas industry, as well as for construction and engineering applications.
The production process of SAW pipes typically involves the following steps:
Overall, the SAW process results in a strong, consistent, and uniform weld that is ideal for large-diameter, thick-walled pipes.
Application of Submerged Arc Welded (SAW) Pipe.
Submerged Arc Welded (SAW) pipes are widely used in various industries for the transportation of oil, gas, water, and other liquids. Some of the key applications of SAW pipes include:
Overall, SAW pipes are a versatile and durable solution for the transportation of liquids and gases in various industries and applications.
High frequency induction welding (HFI) Pipe is a process used to manufacture pipes, especially those made of steel. In this process, a high-frequency current is passed through an induction coil, generating an electromagnetic field that heats the steel strip. The strip is then rolled into a circular shape and the edges are joined together under pressure to create a continuous weld. The resulting pipe is strong, durable and has a consistent quality due to the precise control of the welding process.
High frequency induction welding offers several advantages over other welding methods, including higher production speeds, lower production costs, and improved weld quality. The process is also highly automated, reducing the risk of human error and increasing efficiency.
This type of pipe is commonly used in a variety of applications, including the construction of oil and gas pipelines, water supply systems, and mechanical and structural applications.
Production Process High Frequency Induction Welded Pipe.
The production process of high frequency induction welded pipes typically involves the following steps:
The entire process is highly automated and controlled by computer to ensure consistent quality and production efficiency. The final product is a high-strength, low-weight, and corrosion-resistant pipe suitable for a wide range of applications, including gas and oil transportation, construction, and manufacturing.
Application of High Frequency Induction Welded Pipe.
High-Frequency Induction Welded (HFIW) pipes are widely used in various applications such as:
Overall, HFIW pipes are versatile and have high resistance to corrosion, making them suitable for a wide range of applications. They also offer high strength, which makes them suitable for high-pressure applications and ensure long-lasting performance.
Lined pipes are used to protect the inner surface of the pipe from corrosion, erosion, and other types of damage. The most commonly used lining materials are rubber, PTFE (polytetrafluoroethylene), and ceramic. Here are some types of lined pipes:
1. Rubber-lined pipes: These pipes have a rubber lining on the inside surface to protect against corrosion and abrasion. They are commonly used in chemical processing plants and mining industries.
2. PTFE-lined pipes: These pipes have a lining made of PTFE, which is resistant to high temperatures and chemical corrosion. They are commonly used in the chemical industry, pharmaceuticals, and food processing.
3. Ceramic-lined pipes: These pipes have a ceramic lining on the inside surface to protect against abrasion, erosion, and high-temperature applications. They are commonly used in power plants, mining, and cement industries.
4. Plastic-lined pipes: These pipes have a plastic lining on the inside surface to protect against chemical corrosion. They are commonly used in the chemical industry and water treatment plants.
5. Glass-lined pipes: These pipes have a lining made of glass to protect against corrosion, erosion, and high temperatures. They are commonly used in the chemical and pharmaceutical industries.
6. Stainless steel-lined pipes: These pipes have a lining made of stainless steel to protect against high temperatures and chemical corrosion. They are commonly used in the chemical and petrochemical industries.
The TAP Vietnam International Investment Corporation (TAP Vietnam) is a company operating in the field of supplying ASTM standard steel pipe products. This standard is one of the most popular standards in the steel industry worldwide and is widely used in various applications such as bridge and road construction, building construction, pipe manufacturing, energy, oil and gas, and many other industries.
TAP Vietnam is committed to providing high-quality ASTM standard steel pipe products that meet the necessary technical requirements and are produced under strict quality control processes to ensure the safety and reliability of the applications that use these steel pipes.
In addition, TAP Vietnam also provides other support services such as technical consultation, technology transfer, design, and installation of steel pipe products, to ensure that the company's customers receive the most comprehensive and effective solutions for their ASTM standard steel pipe needs.
List of ASTM Standard Steel Pipe Materials.
> Carbon Steel Pipe.
Carbon steel is a type of steel that primarily contains carbon as the major alloying element. There are different grades of carbon steel, each with varying amounts of carbon and other elements. Carbon steel pipes are commonly used for conveying fluids and gases in various industrial applications. Here is a list of some common materials for carbon steel pipes, based on their ASTM standards:
ASTM A53: This specification covers seamless and welded black and hot-dipped galvanized steel pipe in NPS 1/8 to NPS 26 (DN 6 to DN 650).
ASTM A106: This specification covers seamless carbon steel pipe for high-temperature service in NPS 1/8 to NPS 48 (DN 6 to DN 1200) inclusive, with nominal (average) wall thickness as given in ASME B 36.10M.
ASTM A333: This specification covers seamless and welded steel pipe for low-temperature service in NPS 1/8 to NPS 24 (DN 6 to DN 600) inclusive, with nominal (average) wall thickness as given in ASME B 36.10M.
ASTM A335: This specification covers seamless ferritic alloy-steel pipe for high-temperature service in NPS 1/8 to NPS 24 (DN 6 to DN 600) inclusive, with nominal (average) wall thickness as given in ASME B 36.10M.
ASTM A671: This specification covers electric-fusion-welded steel pipe for atmospheric and lower temperatures in NPS 1/8 to NPS 26 (DN 6 to DN 650).
ASTM A672: This specification covers electric-fusion-welded steel pipe for high-pressure service at moderate temperatures in NPS 1/8 to NPS 48 (DN 6 to DN 1200), with nominal (average) wall thickness as given in ASME B 36.10M.
ASTM A691: This specification covers carbon and alloy steel pipe, electric-fusion-welded with filler metal added, fabricated from pressure-vessel-quality plate of several analyses and strength levels and suitable for high-pressure service at high temperatures in NPS 16 to NPS 60 (DN 400 to DN 1500).
Note that these are only a few of the many ASTM standards for carbon steel pipes, and there may be other specifications applicable to your specific application. It is important to consult with a qualified engineer or industry professional to determine the most appropriate material for your needs.
> Stainless steel pipe
ASTM (American Society for Testing and Materials) is an international standards organization that publishes specifications for a wide range of materials and products, including stainless steel pipes. The following is a detailed listing of ASTM stainless steel pipe materials:
1. ASTM A312: This specification covers seamless, straight-seam welded, and heavily cold welded austenitic stainless steel pipe intended for high-temperature and general corrosive service.
2. ASTM A358: This specification covers electric-fusion-welded austenitic chromium-nickel stainless steel pipe suitable for corrosive or high-temperature service.
3. ASTM A269: This specification covers seamless and welded austenitic stainless steel tubing for general service.
4. ASTM A270: This specification covers seamless and welded austenitic and ferritic/austenitic stainless steel sanitary tubing intended for use in the dairy and food industry and having special surface finishes.
5. ASTM A554: This specification covers welded stainless steel mechanical tubing intended for use in ornamental, structural, exhaust, and other applications where appearance, mechanical properties, or corrosion resistance is needed.
6. ASTM A376: This specification covers seamless austenitic steel pipe intended for high-temperature central-station service.
7. ASTM A409: This specification covers welded large-diameter austenitic steel pipe for corrosive or high-temperature service.
8. ASTM A790: This specification covers seamless and welded ferritic/austenitic stainless steel pipe intended for general corrosive service, with particular emphasis on resistance to stress corrosion cracking.
9. ASTM A928: This specification covers duplex stainless steel pipe suitable for corrosive or high-temperature service.
10. ASTM A999: This specification covers general requirements for alloy and stainless steel pipe.
Note that the above list is not exhaustive and there are other ASTM specifications that cover stainless steel pipe materials. It is important to consult the specific ASTM specification for the particular grade and type of stainless steel pipe needed for a given application.
> Alloy Steel Pipe.
1. ASTM A335 P11/P22/P91 – These are seamless ferritic alloy-steel pipes for high-temperature service, commonly used in power generation, oil and gas refineries, and other high-temperature applications.
2. ASTM A335 P5/P9/P11/P22/P91 – These are seamless and welded ferritic alloy-steel pipes for high-temperature service, commonly used in power generation, oil and gas refineries, and other high-temperature applications.
3. ASTM A691 Gr.1/4/5/7/9/11/12/91 – This specification covers carbon and alloy steel pipe, electric-fusion-welded for high-pressure service at high temperatures, commonly used in power generation , oil and gas refineries, and other high-pressure applications.
4. ASTM A213 T11/T22/T91 – These are seamless ferritic and austenitic alloy-steel boiler, superheater, and heat-exchanger tubes, commonly used in power generation, oil and gas refineries, and other high-temperature applications.
5. ASTM A519 4130/4140 – This specification covers seamless carbon and alloy steel mechanical tubing, commonly used in automotive and aerospace industries, as well as other mechanical applications.
6. ASTM A333 Gr.1/3/6 – This specification covers seamless and welded steel pipe for low-temperature service and other applications with required notch toughness, commonly used in power generation, oil and gas refineries, and other low-temperature applications .
These are just some of the commonly used Alloy Steel Pipe materials and corresponding ASTM standards. There are many more grades and types of alloy steel pipes available that meet different specifications and requirements.
> Duplex stainless steel pipes
Duplex stainless steel pipes are commonly used in applications that require high strength and corrosion resistance. They are made from a combination of austenitic and ferritic stainless steel, which gives them superior properties over either of the two alone. Here is a detailed listing of the materials used in manufacturing ASTM duplex stainless steel pipes:
1. Material Grade: ASTM A790/ASME SA790, ASTM A789/ASME SA789
2. Duplex Steel Grades: UNS S31803, S32205, S32750, S32760, S32550, S32707
3. Manufacturing Standards: ASTM A790/ASME SA790 (Seamless and Welded Pipes), ASTM A789 / ASME SA789 (Seamless and Welded Tubes)
4. Dimensions: ANSI/ASME B36.10, B36.19 (Standard size range: ½” NB to 12” NB)
5. Wall Thickness: Schedule 5S, 10S, 20S, 40S, XS, 80S, 160S, XXS
6. Surface Finish: Annealed and Pickled, Polished, Bright Annealed, Sand Blasting
7. End Connections: Plain End, Beveled End, Threaded, Grooved
8. Applications: Chemical processing, Oil and Gas, Power Generation, Desalination, Water Treatment, Pulp and Paper, Marine engineering, and other high corrosion-resistant applications.
9. Inspection and Testing: Hydrostatic Testing, Radiographic Examination, Ultrasonic Examination, Positive Material Identification, Intergranular Corrosion Test, Pitting Corrosion Test, and other non-destructive tests.
Duplex stainless steel pipes have excellent mechanical properties, high resistance to stress corrosion cracking, and high resistance to erosion and fatigue. They are widely used in the oil and gas industry, chemical processing, and other applications where high strength and corrosion resistance are essential.
> Hastelloy Steel Pipe
Hastelloy is a family of high-performance nickel-based alloys that are known for their excellent corrosion resistance, high strength, and good fabrication properties. These properties make Hastelloy pipes a popular choice for use in demanding environments such as chemical processing plants, aerospace applications, and nuclear reactors. The most commonly used grades of Hastelloy pipes are:
1. Hastelloy C276 (ASTM B622/B619/B626)
2. Hastelloy C22 (ASTM B622/B619/B626)
3. Hastelloy B2 (ASTM B619/B626)
4. Hastelloy X (ASTM B622/B619/B626)
Here is a brief description of each of these grades:
5. Hastelloy C276: This is the most widely used grade of Hastelloy pipes. It has excellent resistance to corrosion by a wide range of chemicals, including sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid, and chlorine. It is also highly resistant to pitting and crevice corrosion, making it an ideal choice for use in aggressive environments.
6. Hastelloy C22: This grade has a higher chromium content than Hastelloy C276, which provides enhanced resistance to oxidizing environments. It is particularly well-suited for use in wet chlorine gas, sulfuric acid, and acetic acid environments.
7. Hastelloy B2: This grade is similar to Hastelloy C276, but with a lower carbon content, which provides improved resistance to sensitization during welding. It is particularly well-suited for use in reducing environments such as hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, and phosphoric acid.
8. Hastelloy X: This grade has excellent high-temperature strength and oxidation resistance, making it ideal for use in high-temperature applications such as gas turbine engines and industrial furnace components.
In terms of pipe material specifications, ASTM B622, ASTM B619, and ASTM B626 are commonly used for Hastelloy pipes. These specifications cover seamless and welded pipes made from Hastelloy alloys, with various dimensions and wall thicknesses. The specific material and specification used will depend on the specific application and the environment in which the pipe will be used.
> Inconel Steel Pipe
Inconel is a family of nickel-based alloys that are known for their excellent corrosion resistance, high temperature strength, and good weldability. There are various grades of Inconel, each with its own unique properties, but all containing a significant percentage of nickel, chromium, and sometimes other elements such as molybdenum, copper, and titanium. The most commonly used grades of Inconel pipes and tubes are:
1. Inconel 600 Pipe: ASTM B167/B516/B517/B829
2. Inconel 601 Pipe: ASTM B167/B516/B517/B829
3. Inconel 625 Pipe: ASTM B444/B705/B775/B829
4. Inconel 718 Pipe: ASTM B637/B670/B751/B775/B829
5. Inconel X750 Pipe: ASTM B167/B517/B751/B775/B829
6. Inconel 800 Pipe: ASTM B407/B514/B515/B829
7. Inconel 800H Pipe: ASTM B407/B514/B515/B829
8. Inconel 800HT Pipe: ASTM B407/B514/B515/B829
9. Inconel 825 Pipe: ASTM B423/B705/B751/B775/B829
> Copper pipes
Note that these grades may have different specifications depending on the type of pipe (seamless or welded), the size and wall thickness, and the intended application. It is important to consult the appropriate ASTM specification to ensure that the Inconel pipe material selected is suitable for the intended use.
Copper pipes are commonly used in plumbing, HVAC, and other applications due to their excellent corrosion resistance, thermal conductivity, and malleability. The American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) sets standards for copper pipes and fittings to ensure consistent quality and performance. Here is a detailed listing of copper pipe materials and their ASTM standards:
1. ASTM B42 – Specification for Seamless Copper Pipe, Standard Sizes This standard covers seamless copper pipes with standard sizes ranging from 1/8 to 12 inches in outside diameter and wall thicknesses from 0.025 to 0.750 inches. These pipes are suitable for general plumbing, HVAC, and industrial applications.
2. ASTM B302 – Specification for Threadless Copper Pipe, Standard Sizes This standard covers threadless copper pipes with standard sizes ranging from 1/8 to 8 inches in outside diameter and wall thicknesses from 0.025 to 0.375 inches. These pipes are designed for use in refrigeration and air conditioning systems.
3. ASTM B88 – Specification for Seamless Copper Water Tube This standard covers seamless copper water tubes with standard sizes ranging from 1/8 to 12 inches in outside diameter and wall thicknesses from 0.025 to 0.750 inches. These tubes are suitable for use in residential and commercial plumbing systems.
4. ASTM B280 – Specification for Seamless Copper Tube for Air Conditioning and Refrigeration Field Service This standard covers seamless copper tubes with standard sizes ranging from 1/8 to 4-1/8 inches in outside diameter and wall thicknesses from 0.020 to 0.065 inches. These tubes are designed for use in air conditioning and refrigeration systems.
5. ASTM B819 – Seamless Copper Tube for Medical Gas Systems This standard covers seamless copper tubes with standard sizes ranging from 1/8 to 8 inches in outside diameter and wall thicknesses from 0.035 to 0.500 inches. These tubes are designed for use in medical gas systems.
6. ASTM B837 – Specification for Welded Copper Tube for Air Conditioning and Refrigeration Service This standard covers welded copper tubes with standard sizes ranging from 1/8 to 8-5/8 inches in outside diameter and wall thicknesses from 0.022 to 0.109 inches. These tubes are designed for use in air conditioning and refrigeration systems.
7. ASTM B743 – Seamless Copper Tube in Coils This standard covers seamless copper tubes in coils with standard sizes ranging from 1/8 to 1-1/8 inches in outside diameter and wall thicknesses from 0.020 to 0.040 inches. These coils are designed for use in general plumbing and heating applications.
8. ASTM B837 – Specification for Seamless Copper Tube for Natural Gas and Liquefied Petroleum (LP) Gas Fuel Distribution Systems This standard covers seamless copper tubes with standard sizes ranging from 1/2 to 8 inches in outside diameter and wall thicknesses from 0.032 to 0.400 inches. These tubes are designed for use in natural gas and LP gas fuel distribution systems.
9. ASTM B88M – Specification for Seamless Copper Water Tube (Metric) This standard covers seamless copper water tubes with metric sizes ranging from 6 to 159 mm in outside diameter and wall thicknesses from 0.35 to 2.5 mm. These tubes are suitable for use in residential and commercial plumbing systems.
In addition to the above standards, there are also ASTM standards for copper fittings, such as ASTM B16 for wrought copper and copper alloy fittings for plumbing and ASTM B75 for seamless copper tube fittings for air conditioning and refrigeration.
Detailed list of coatings and surface coatings for steel pipes with their descriptions:
1. Fusion Bonded Epoxy (FBE) Coating: FBE coating is a thermosetting polymer coating that is applied to steel pipes by electrostatic spray or dipping. The coating provides excellent corrosion protection and is widely used in oil and gas pipelines, water pipelines, and other industrial applications. The thickness of the FBE coating can be customized according to the application and environmental conditions.
2. Three-Layer Polyethylene (3LPE) Coating: 3LPE coating is a multilayer coating system that consists of an epoxy primer, a copolymer adhesive, and a polyethylene topcoat. The coating provides excellent resistance to corrosion, impact, and abrasion, making it ideal for buried and submerged pipelines. The thickness of the coating can be customized based on the application and environmental conditions.
3. Three-Layer Polypropylene (3LPP) Coating: 3LPP coating is a multilayer coating system that consists of a polypropylene primer, a copolymer adhesive, and a polypropylene topcoat. The coating provides excellent resistance to high temperatures, chemicals, and abrasion, making it ideal for pipelines used in the chemical and petrochemical industries.
4. Coal Tar Enamel (CTE) Coating: CTE coating is a traditional coating system that is made of a coal tar pitch and a solvent. The coating provides excellent resistance to water, acids, and alkalies, making it suitable for underground and submerged pipelines. However, CTE coating is not commonly used due to environmental concerns and health hazards associated with coal tar.
5. Concrete Weight Coating (CWC): CWC is a heavy coating system that is used to provide weight and mechanical protection to pipelines that are installed in seabeds or riverbeds. The coating consists of a layer of concrete that is applied over the steel pipe, which provides weight and stability to the pipeline.
6. Hot-Dip Galvanizing (HDG) Coating: HDG coating is a zinc coating that is applied to steel pipes by dipping them in a bath of molten zinc. The coating provides excellent resistance to corrosion and is commonly used in outdoor applications such as fencing, handrails, and street lighting poles.
7. Zinc-Rich Paint Coating: Zinc-rich paint coating is a coating system that contains a high concentration of zinc particles in a binder material. The coating provides excellent corrosion resistance and is commonly used as a maintenance coating for steel structures.
8. Aluminum Coating: Aluminum coating is a coating system that consists of a layer of aluminum that is applied to the surface of the steel pipe. The coating provides excellent resistance to corrosion and is commonly used in the offshore and marine industries.
9. Ceramic Coating: Ceramic coating is a high-performance coating system that is made of a ceramic material that is applied to the surface of the steel pipe. The coating provides excellent resistance to high temperatures, abrasion, and chemicals, making it ideal for the oil and gas industry.
10. Polymer Coating: Polymer coating is a coating system that is made of a polymer material that is applied to the surface of the steel pipe. The coating provides excellent resistance to corrosion, abrasion, and chemicals and is commonly used in the water and wastewater industry.
11. Polyurethane Coating: Polyurethane coating is a coating system that is made of a polyurethane material that is applied to the surface of the steel pipe. The coating provides excellent resistance to UV radiation, chemicals, and abrasion and is commonly used in the oil and gas industry.
12. Coating for steel pipes is a protective layer that is applied to the surface of the pipes to prevent them from corroding or deteriorating. One of the most common types of coatings used for steel pipes is acrylic coating.
Acrylic coating is a type of thermoplastic coating that is made from a polymer of acrylic acid or methacrylic acid. The coating is typically applied to the steel pipes using a spraying process, which ensures that the coating is evenly distributed over the surface of the pipes. The coating is then cured, either by heating or by exposure to ultraviolet (UV) light, which allows the coating to harden and form a durable, protective layer.
Acrylic coatings are known for their excellent weather resistance and durability. They are resistant to water, chemicals, and UV radiation, making them ideal for use in outdoor environments. Acrylic coatings are also resistant to abrasion and impact, which helps to prevent damage to the steel pipes.
In addition to their protective properties, acrylic coatings are also aesthetically pleasing. They can be formulated in a wide range of colors and finishes, including matte, gloss, and metallic. This allows the steel pipes to be coated in a color or finish that complements the surrounding environment.
Overall, acrylic coating is an effective and versatile option for coating steel pipes. It provides excellent protection against corrosion and deterioration, while also offering a wide range of aesthetic options.
13. Coating or coated epoxy coating on steel pipes is a type of protective layer that is applied to the surface of the pipes to protect them from corrosion and damage. Epoxy coatings are made of two main components: epoxy resin and a curing agent. These two components are mixed together and applied to the steel surface, where they bond and create a hard, durable coating that protects the steel from exposure to moisture, chemicals, and other corrosive agents.
The process of applying an epoxy coating to steel pipes typically involves several steps. First, the surface of the steel must be cleaned and prepared to ensure that the coating will adhere properly. This may involve sandblasting, grinding, or other methods of surface preparation. Once the surface is clean and free of contaminants, the epoxy coating can be applied using a spray gun or other application method.
After the coating has been applied, it must be cured or allowed to harden. This typically involves exposing the coated pipes to heat or a catalyst, which triggers the chemical reaction that causes the epoxy to harden and bond to the steel surface. Once the epoxy has fully cured, the pipes can be inspected and tested to ensure that the coating is even and that there are no defects or areas where the coating has failed to adhere properly.
Epoxy coatings are commonly used on steel pipes in a variety of applications, including oil and gas pipelines, water and wastewater treatment facilities, and industrial and commercial buildings. These coatings provide a high level of protection against corrosion and other types of damage, which can extend the life of the pipes and reduce maintenance and repair costs over time.
14. Coated Polyethylene Terephthalate (PET) refers to a type of PET film that has been coated with a layer of material to enhance its performance in certain applications. PET is a thermoplastic polymer that is widely used in packaging, electrical insulation, and other applications due to its excellent barrier properties, high strength, and clarity.
The coating material used on PET film can vary depending on the intended application. Common coating materials include acrylic, silicone, and PVDC (polyvinylidene chloride). Each material offers unique benefits such as improved barrier properties, improved printability, or improved heat resistance.
Acrylic-coated PET film is often used in packaging applications where a high gloss finish and excellent printability are required. Acrylic coating also provides some moisture and gas barrier properties.
Silicone-coated PET film is often used in applications where the film needs to be heat-sealed or laminated to other materials. The silicone coating provides a low coefficient of friction, which makes it easier to handle during processing. It also offers good release properties, which makes it suitable for use in release liners.
PVDC-coated PET film is often used in food packaging applications where excellent barrier properties are required. PVDC coating provides a high barrier to gases, such as oxygen and carbon dioxide, and water vapor. This makes it an ideal material for applications such as meat packaging, cheese packaging, and snack packaging.
Coated PET film can also be used in a variety of other applications, including electrical insulation, solar control films, and pressure-sensitive tapes. The grade of coated PET film used in these applications will depend on the specific performance requirements of the application.
In summary, coated PET film is a versatile material that offers a range of performance benefits depending on the coating material used. It is widely used in packaging, electrical insulation, and other applications where high performance and durability are required.
15. Coated bitumen coating steel pipe is a type of steel pipe that has been coated with bitumen, which is a viscous, black, and sticky substance that is derived from petroleum. Bitumen coating is often applied to steel pipes to protect them from corrosion, abrasion, and other types of damage that can occur during transportation, storage, and use.
The bitumen coating process involves first cleaning and preparing the surface of the steel pipe, then applying a layer of bitumen to the surface. The coating can be applied using a variety of methods, including hot-dip galvanizing, electroplating, and spraying. The coating is typically applied in several layers to ensure adequate protection.
Coated bitumen coating steel pipe is commonly used in a variety of applications, including in the construction of pipelines for transporting water, oil, and gas. It is also used in the construction of buildings, bridges, and other infrastructure projects. The coating helps to protect the steel from the corrosive effects of exposure to moisture and other environmental factors.
The quality and effectiveness of the bitumen coating can vary depending on the grade of the coating used. Grades of bitumen coating are determined based on their viscosity, adhesion, and other properties. Higher grade coatings typically provide better protection against corrosion and other types of damage.
In summary, coated bitumen coating steel pipe is a type of steel pipe that has been coated with bitumen to protect it from corrosion, abrasion, and other types of damage. The coating process involves applying several layers of bitumen to the surface of the steel pipe using a variety of methods, and the quality of the coating can vary depending on the grade of the coating used.
Steel lined pipe, also known as bimetallic pipe, is a type of piping where an internal layer of a different material is bonded to the inner surface of a steel pipe. The lining material is chosen based on its ability to withstand the specific operating conditions of the pipe, such as high temperature or corrosive fluids. Here are some of the most commonly used materials for steel lined pipe:
1. Ceramic lined pipe: Ceramic lined pipe consists of a steel pipe with an inner layer of ceramic material. The ceramic material is bonded to the steel pipe using a high-temperature adhesive. Ceramic lined pipe is often used in high-wear applications where the pipe is exposed to abrasive materials, such as in mining or mineral processing.
2. Polymer lined pipe: Polymer lined pipe is a type of steel lined pipe where the inner layer is made from a polymer material such as PTFE, FEP, or PFA. The polymer layer is bonded to the steel pipe using a specialized adhesive. Polymer lined pipe is often used in applications where the pipe is exposed to corrosive or high-temperature fluids.
3. Glass-lined pipe: Glass-lined pipe consists of a steel pipe with a layer of glass fused to the inner surface of the pipe. The glass is applied using a specialized furnace and then cooled to form a strong bond with the steel pipe. Glass-lined pipe is often used in chemical processing applications where the pipe is exposed to highly corrosive fluids.
4. Composite lined pipe: Composite lined pipe consists of a steel pipe with an inner layer of a composite material such as fiberglass or carbon fiber. The composite material is bonded to the steel pipe using a specialized adhesive. Composite lined pipe is often used in applications where the pipe is exposed to high-temperature or high-pressure fluids.
5. Rubber lined pipe: Rubber lined pipe consists of a steel pipe with an inner layer of rubber material. The rubber is bonded to the steel pipe using a specialized adhesive. Rubber lined pipe is often used in applications where the pipe is exposed to abrasive or corrosive fluids.
6. Clad lined pipe: Clad lined pipe consists of a steel pipe with an inner layer of a different type of metal such as titanium or nickel. The two metals are bonded together using a specialized welding process. Clad lined pipe is often used in applications where the pipe is exposed to highly corrosive or high-temperature fluids.
Each of these lining materials has its unique advantages and disadvantages, and the choice of lining material will depend on the specific requirements of the application. It is essential to consider factors such as the type of fluid being transported, the pressure and temperature conditions, and the environmental conditions when selecting a lining material for a steel lined pipe.
7. Polyethylene-lined pipe: This type of lined pipe has a polyethylene lining on the inner surface. Polyethylene is a thermoplastic material that is resistant to most chemicals and is therefore ideal for use in applications that involve the transportation of corrosive fluids. Polyethylene-lined pipes are also resistant to abrasion and have a low coefficient of friction.
8. PVC-lined pipe: PVC-lined pipes are used in applications that involve the transportation of acids, alkalis, and other corrosive fluids. PVC is a thermoplastic material that is resistant to most chemicals and has excellent corrosion resistance. PVC-lined pipes are also easy to install and maintain.
9. PTFE-lined pipe: PTFE is a thermoplastic material that is widely used for lining pipes in applications that involve the transportation of highly corrosive fluids. PTFE-lined pipes are resistant to most chemicals and have excellent low-friction properties. PTFE-lined pipes are also easy to clean and maintain.
10. Stainless steel-lined pipe: Stainless steel-lined pipes are used in applications that require high strength and resistance to corrosion. The stainless steel lining provides excellent resistance to abrasion and corrosion and is ideal for use in applications that involve the transportation of abrasive or corrosive fluids at high temperatures and pressures.
These are some of the most common types of lined pipe materials. The choice of lining material depends on the specific requirements of the application, and it is important to select the appropriate lining material to ensure optimal performance and longevity of the pipe.
Lined pipe is a pipe that has a protective lining on the inner surface to prevent corrosion and erosion of the pipe material. The lining material is usually chosen based on the type of fluid being transported, the temperature and pressure of the system, and other factors. Here are some of the most common types of lined pipe materials:
Steel pipes are widely used in various industries and applications due to their high strength, durability, and versatility. They are available in different lengths, diameters, and thicknesses, depending on the specific application. Here are some of the standard lengths of steel pipes:
1. 6 meters (20 feet) This is the most common standard length for steel pipes. It is widely used in construction, plumbing, and industrial applications. The 6-meter length provides a good balance between strength and ease of handling.
2. 12 meters (40 feet) This length is commonly used in oil and gas industry applications, as well as for larger structural projects such as bridges and high-rise buildings. The 12-meter length allows for fewer joints in the pipe, reducing the risk of leaks and failures.
3. 18 meters (60 feet) This length is less common than the 6-meter and 12-meter lengths but is still used in some applications, such as large-scale water and wastewater projects. The 18-meter length reduces the need for joints and provides a longer continuous run of pipe.
4. Custom lengths Steel pipes can also be ordered in custom lengths to suit specific project requirements. However, custom lengths may come at a higher cost and may take longer to produce and deliver.
When selecting a length of steel pipe, it is important to consider the application and the transportation and installation requirements. Longer lengths may be more difficult to transport and maneuver, while shorter lengths may require more joints and connections, which can increase the risk of leaks and failures.
There are several types of ends for steel pipes, which are designed to connect or terminate the pipe to various fittings or components. Here is a detailed list of the most common types of ends for steel pipes:
1. Plain End (PE) – A plain end is a pipe end without any type of joint or fitting. This is the simplest and most commonly used type of end for steel pipes.
2. Beveled End (BE) – A beveled end is a pipe end that has been cut at an angle to form a slope. This type of end is used to facilitate welding or other types of connections.
3. Threaded End (TE) – A threaded end has threads on the outside surface of the pipe. This type of end is used to connect pipes or fittings with matching threads.
4. Grooved End (GE) – A grooved end has a groove on the outside surface of the pipe, which is used to connect the pipe to a fitting using a rubber or metal gasket.
5. Flanged End (FE) – A flanged end has a flat face with bolt holes around the circumference. This type of end is used to connect the pipe to a flange or other type of fitting using bolts.
6. Socket Weld End (SWE) – A socket weld end has a socket or recess on the inside surface of the pipe, which is used to insert the end of another pipe or fitting.
7. Butt Weld End (BWE) – A butt weld end is a plain end that has been beveled to form a slope, which is used to facilitate welding.
8. Clamp End (CE) – A clamp end has a flange with a clamp that is used to connect the pipe to another pipe or fitting.
9. Special End (SE) – A special end is any type of pipe end that is designed for a specific purpose or application, such as a bell end or a spigot end.
These are the most common types of ends for steel pipes. The type of end used will depend on the specific application and the type of connection required.
10. Compression end: The compression end is a type of pipe end that has a ferrule or compression ring that is used to create a tight seal between the pipe and the fitting or valve that it connects to. This type of end is commonly used for connecting pipes to fittings or valves using compression fittings.
These are just a few of the most common types of pipe ends that are used in plumbing and piping systems. The choice of pipe end will depend on the specific needs of the system and the type of connection that is required.
Marking Steel Pipe.
MSS SP-25
MSS SP-25 is a standard developed by the Manufacturers Standardization Society (MSS) of the Valve and Fittings Industry. This standard specifies the requirements for marking of steel pipe and other piping components. The details of the marking requirements for steel pipe according to MSS SP-25 are as follows:
1. Manufacturer's name or trademark
2. Material specification number or grade, indicating the type of material used in the pipe
3. Pipe size, outside diameter, and wall thickness
4. Length of the pipe
5. Heat number, indicating the specific batch of material used in manufacturing the pipe
6. Pressure class or rating, indicating the maximum allowable pressure for the pipe
7. ASTM or ASME specification number, if applicable
8. Country of origin (optional)
The marking can be stamped, painted, or etched onto the surface of the pipe. The purpose of the marking is to provide a means of identifying the characteristics and properties of the steel pipe, ensuring that it meets the specified standards and requirements for its intended use. By complying with MSS SP-25, the manufacturer can assure the customer that the pipe conforms to the quality and performance standards set by the industry.
ASME/ANSI.
The ASME marking is usually stamped or etched onto the pipe's surface.
1. Manufacturer's name or trademark
2. ANSI standard designation, such as ANSI B36.10
3. Pipe size, outside diameter, and wall thickness
4. Material grade and type
5. Heat number, indicating the specific batch of material used in manufacturing the pipe
6. Length of the pipe
7. Date of manufacture
The ANSI marking can be stamped, etched, or painted onto the pipe's surface.
The purpose of the ASME and ANSI marking requirements is to ensure that the steel pipes are manufactured in compliance with the relevant standards and specifications and can be traced back to their source in case of any quality or safety concerns.
When it comes to steel pipes, pressure and temperature ratings are two important considerations that are used to determine the maximum safe operating conditions of the pipe. Here is a detailed description of pressure and temperature ratings for steel pipes:
1. Pressure Ratings: Pressure rating is a measure of the maximum amount of pressure that a steel pipe can withstand without experiencing any deformation or failure. It is expressed in pounds per square inch (PSI) or megapascals (MPa). Pressure ratings for steel pipes are determined based on the following factors:
• Wall thickness: The thicker the wall of the steel pipe, the higher the pressure rating it can withstand.
• Diameter: The larger the diameter of the steel pipe, the higher the pressure rating it can withstand.
• Material strength: The strength of the steel material used to make the pipe also affects the pressure rating.
Pressure ratings for steel pipes can vary depending on the type of pipe, the size of the pipe, and the application for which it is being used. For example, seamless steel pipes typically have higher pressure ratings than welded steel pipes, and pipes used for high-pressure applications will have higher pressure ratings than those used for lower-pressure applications.
2. Temperature Ratings: Temperature rating is a measure of the maximum temperature that a steel pipe can withstand without experiencing any deformation or failure. It is expressed in degrees Celsius (°C) or Fahrenheit (°F). Temperature ratings for steel pipes are determined based on the following factors:
• Material composition: The composition of the steel material used to make the pipe affects its ability to withstand high temperatures.
• Operating pressure: Higher operating pressures can increase the temperature of the pipe and reduce its ability to withstand high temperatures.
• Application: The type of application for which the pipe is being used can affect its temperature rating. For example, pipes used in high-temperature applications such as steam lines or chemical processing may require higher temperature ratings than pipes used in lower-temperature applications such as water supply.
Temperature ratings for steel pipes can vary depending on the type of pipe, the size of the pipe, and the application for which it is being used. For example, pipes made from alloy steel may have higher temperature ratings than pipes made from carbon steel.
In summary, pressure and temperature ratings are important considerations when selecting steel pipes for any application. It is important to choose the appropriate pressure and temperature ratings based on the specific requirements of the application to ensure safe and reliable operation of the steel pipe.
Check the quality of steel pipes.
The quality inspection standard of steel pipe is a set of criteria used to assess the quality of steel pipes. These standards ensure that the pipes meet the required specifications and are suitable for their intended application. Here is a more detailed description of each of the criteria used in the inspection of steel pipes:
Dimensional accuracy: The dimensional accuracy of the steel pipe is critical for its fit and function in a system. The dimensions of the steel pipe, including diameter, wall thickness, length, and ovality, must meet the specified tolerances. The diameter of the pipe should be measured at various points along its length to ensure consistency. The wall thickness should also be measured at various points to ensure that it is uniform. Ovality, which is the amount by which the cross-section of the pipe deviates from being perfectly round, should be within the specified limits.
Chemical composition: The chemical composition of the steel used to make the pipe is critical to its performance. The levels of carbon, manganese, sulfur, phosphorus, and other elements should be consistent with the specified requirements. The chemical composition determines the strength, toughness, and corrosion resistance of the steel.
Mechanical properties: The mechanical properties of the steel, such as yield strength, tensile strength, and elongation, must meet the specified requirements. These properties determine the strength and durability of the steel pipe. Yield strength is the amount of stress that the steel can withstand without permanent deformation. Tensile strength is the maximum amount of stress that the steel can withstand before breaking. Elongation is the amount of deformation that the steel can undergo before breaking.
Surface quality: The surface of the steel pipe must be free from defects such as cracks, pits, and scratches. The pipe should also be clean and free from rust, scale, and other contaminants. The surface should be visually inspected, and any defects should be measured to ensure that they are within the allowable limits.
Weld quality: If the steel pipe is welded, the quality of the weld is critical to its performance. The integrity of the weld, the size and shape of the weld, and the presence of any defects such as porosity, cracks, or incomplete fusion must be assessed. The weld should be visually inspected, and non-destructive testing techniques such as ultrasonic testing or X-ray inspection may be used to detect any internal defects.
Non-destructive testing: Non-destructive testing techniques such as ultrasonic testing, magnetic particle testing, or X-ray inspection may be used to detect any internal defects or flaws in the steel pipe. These techniques allow defects to be detected without damaging the pipe.
Hydrostatic testing: Hydrostatic testing is used to check the strength and leak resistance of the steel pipe. The pipe is filled with water under pressure and inspected for any leaks or deformation. This test ensures that the pipe can withstand the pressures it will be subjected to in its intended application.
In summary, the quality inspection standard of steel pipe covers several critical areas, including dimensional accuracy, chemical composition, mechanical properties, surface quality, weld quality, non-destructive testing, and hydrostatic testing. By ensuring that steel pipes meet these standards, their quality and suitability for their intended application can be assured.
Standard Warranty
The standard steel pipe warranty can vary depending on the manufacturer, type of steel pipe, and the intended use of the pipe. However, here are some general points that can be found in most standard steel pipe warranties:
1. Material Defects: Most warranties cover any material defects that may occur in the steel pipe. This means that if the pipe fails due to a defect in the material, the manufacturer will replace or repair the pipe.
2. Manufacturing Defects: Warranties may also cover manufacturing defects such as improper welding, corrosion, or poor workmanship. If any of these issues arise, the manufacturer will replace or repair the pipe.
3. Corrosion: Many warranties cover corrosion of the steel pipe, but the type and extent of the coverage can vary. Some warranties may exclude certain types of corrosion, while others may offer full replacement if the pipe corrodes within a certain period.
4. Installation: Some warranties may require that the steel pipe be installed by a certified professional or according to specific guidelines. Failure to follow these guidelines may void the warranty.
5. Duration: The length of the warranty can vary depending on the manufacturer and type of pipe. Some warranties may last for a few years, while others may last for several decades.
6. Exclusions: Warranties may exclude certain types of damage or failure, such as damage caused by misuse or abuse of the pipe, or damage caused by natural disasters or other events outside the manufacturer's control.
Overall, it's important to carefully review the terms and conditions of the warranty before purchasing steel pipe to ensure that you understand what is covered and what is not.
Description of warranty period 12 months
Standard steel pipe warranties can vary depending on the manufacturer and the specific product, but here is a general description of what a 12-month warranty for standard steel pipes might include:
1. Coverage: The warranty will cover defects in materials and workmanship that may occur during the first 12 months of use.
2. Exclusions: The warranty may not cover damage caused by external factors such as corrosion, abrasion, misuse, or improper installation. Damage caused by events like natural disasters or accidents may also be excluded.
3. Remedies: If a defect is found during the warranty period, the manufacturer may offer to repair or replace the defective product at no cost to the customer. Some warranties may also offer a prorated refund based on the remaining warranty period.
4. Limitations: The warranty may be limited to the original purchaser and may not be transferable. The warranty may also be voided if the product is modified or altered in any way.
5. Claim process: In order to make a warranty claim, the customer may need to provide proof of purchase and/or evidence of the defect. The manufacturer may require the customer to return the defective product for inspection before offering a remedy.
It's important to note that these are general guidelines and the specific terms of a warranty will vary depending on the manufacturer and product. It's always a good idea to carefully review the warranty before making a purchase and to contact the manufacturer if you have any questions or concerns.
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