Wrought Seamless Copper and Copper-Alloy Tube B251

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Wrought Seamless Copper and Copper-Alloy Tube B251
Standard Specification for General Requirements for Wrought Seamless Copper and Copper-Alloy Tube This standard is issued under the fixed designation B 251; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval. This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense. Referenced Documents were editorially corrected in November 2003.




Scope
This specification covers a group of general require-ments common to several wrought product specifications. Unless otherwise specified in the purchase order, or in an individual specification, these general requirements shall apply to copper and copper-alloy tube supplied under Specifications B 68, B 75, B 135, B 466/B 466M, and B 743. A complete metric companion to Specification B251 has been developed—B 251M; therefore, no metric equivalents are presented in this specification.


Materials and Manufacture
The material shall be of such quality and purity that the finished product shall have the properties and characteristics prescribed in the applicable product specification listed. The material shall be produced by either hot or cold working operations, or both. It shall be finished, unless otherwise specified, by such cold working and annealing or heat treatment as necessary to meet the properties specified.


Dimensions and Permissible Variations
General: The standard method of specifying wall thickness shall be in decimal fractions of an inch. For the purpose of determining conformance with the dimensional requirements prescribed in this specification, any measured value outside the specified limiting values for any dimension shall be cause for rejection. Tolerances on a given tube shall be specified with respect to any two, but not all three, of the following: outside diameter, inside diameter, wall thickness. When round tube is ordered by outside and inside diameters, the maximum plus and minus deviation of the wall thickness from the nominal at any point shall not exceed the values given by more than 50 %. Maximum Deviation at Any Point: The following tolerances are plus and minus; if tolerances all plus or all minus are desired, double the values given. Blank spaces in the tolerance tables indicate either that the material is not generally available or that no tolerances have been established. Wall Thickness Tolerances for Copper and Copper-Alloy Tube—Wall thickness tolerances applicable to Specifications B 68, B 75, B 135, and B 743 for round tubes. Wall thickness tolerances for rectangular including square tube applicable to B 75 and B 135. Diameter or Distance between Parallel Surfaces, Tolerances for Copper and Copper-Alloy Tube—Diameter tolerances applicable to Specifications B 68, B 75, B 135, and B 743 for round tubes. Tolerances on distance between parallel surfaces for rectan-gular including square tube applicable to Specifications B 75 and B 135. Roundness (Applicable to Specifications B 75, B 135, and B 466/B 466M)—For drawn unannealed tube in straight lengths, the roundness tolerances shall be as follows:










t/D (Ratio of Wall Thickness to Diameter Outside Diameter)			Roundness Tolerance as Percent of Outside Diameter (Expressed to the Nearest 0.001 in.)
0.01-0.03, incl			1.5
Over 0.03-0.05, incl			1
Over 0.05-0.10, incl			0.8 or 0.002 in. whichever is greater
Over 0.10			0.7 or 0.002 in. whichever is greater
Compliance with the roundness tolerances shall be determined by taking measurements on the outside diameter only, irrespective of the manner in which the tube dimensions are specified. The deviation from roundness is measured as the difference between major and minor diameters as determined at any one cross section of the tube. The major and minor diameters are the diameters of two concentric circles just enclosing the outside surface of the tube at the cross section. No tolerances have been established for as-extruded tube, redraw tube, annealed tube, any tube furnished in coils or drawn tube whose wall thickness is under 0.016 in. Length Tolerances: Straight Lengths—Length tolerances, straight lengths, applicable to Specifications B 68, B 75, B 135, and B 466/ B 466M. Schedule of Tube Lengths—Specific and stock lengths of tube with ends, applicable to Specifications B 68, B 75,B 135, and B 466/B 466M. Tube in straight lengths shall be furnished in stock lengths with ends, unless the order requires specific lengths or specific lengths with ends. Squareness of Cut (Applicable to Specifications B 68, B 75, B 135, and B 466/B 466M)— For tube in straight lengths, the departure from squareness of the end of any tube shall not exceed the following: Round Tube:








Specified Outside Diameter, in			Tolerance
Up to 5/8 , incl			0.010 in
Over 5/8			0.016in./in. of diameter
Rectangular and Square Tube
Specified Distance Between Major Outside Parallel Surfaces, in			Tolerance
Up to 5/8 , incl			0.016 in.
Over 5/8			0.025 in./in. of distance between out¬side parallel surfaces
Straightness Tolerances: Round Tubes—For round tubes of any drawn temper, Vi to 3V2 in. in outside diameter, inclusive, but not redraw tube, extruded tube, or any annealed tube, the straightness tolerances applicable to Specifications B 75, B 135, and B 466/B 466M. Rectangular and Square Tubes—For rectangular and square tubes of any drawn temper, the straightness tolerance applicable to Specifications B 75 and B 135 shall be V2 in. maximum curvature (depth of arc) in any 6-ft portion of the total length. (Not applicable to extruded tube, redraw tube, or any annealed tube.) Corner Radius, Rectangular and Square Tubes—The permissible radii for commercially square corners applicable to Specifications B 75 and B 135. Twist Tolerances, Rectangular and Square Tubes—The maximum twist about the longitudinal axis of drawn temper rectangular and square tubes applicable to Specifications B 75 and B 135 shall not exceed 1°/ft of length, measured to the nearest degree, and the total angle of twist shall not exceed 20° when measured in accordance with Test Method B 428. The requirement is not applicable to tubes in the annealed temper or to tubes whose specified major dimension is less than V2 in.








Wall Thickness Tolerances for Copper and Copper-Alloy Tube (Applicable to Specifications B 68, B 75, B 135, and B 743)

Wall Thickness, in.		Outside Diameter, in.^A
		1/32 to 1/8, incl	Over 1/8 to 5/8, incl	Over 5/8 to 1, incl	Over 1 to 2, incl	Over 2 to 4, incl	Over 4 to 7, incl	Over 7 to 10, incl
Up to 0.017, incl		0.002	0.001	0.0015	0.002
Over 0.017-0.024, incl		0.003	0.002	0.002	0.0025
Over 0.024-0.034, incl		0.003	0.0025	0.0025	0.003	0.004
Over 0.034-0.057, incl		0.003	0.003	0.0035	0.0035	0.005	0.007
Over 0.057-0.082, incl			0.0035	0.004	0.004	0.006	0.008	0.010
Over 0.082-0.119, incl			0.004	0.005	0.005	0.007	0.009	0.011
Over 0.119-0.164, incl			0.005	0.006	0.006	0.008	0.010	0.012
Over 0.164-0.219, incl			0.007	0.009	0.009	0.011	0.012	0.014
Over 0.219-0.283, incl				0.011	0.012	0.014	0.015	0.016
Over 0.283-0.379, incl				0.014	6^b%	6^b%	7^b%	7^b%
Over 0.379					6^b %	6^b%	7^b%	7^b%
^A When round tube is ordered by outside and inside diameters, the maximum plus and minus deviation of the wall thickness from the nominal at any point shall not exceed the values given in the table by more than 50 percent. ^B Percent of specified wall expressed to the nearest 0.001 in.

Wall Thickness Tolerances for Copper and Copper-Alloy Rectangular and Square Tube (Applicable to Specifications B 75, B 135, and B 743)

Wall Thickness, in.		Distance Between Outside Parallel Surface, in^A
		1/32 to 1/8, incl	Over 1/8 to 5/8, incl	Over 5/8 to 1, incl	Over 1 to 2, incl	Over 2 to 4, incl	Over 4 to 7, incl	Over 7 to 10, incl
Up to 0.017, incl		0.002	0.002	0.0025	0.003
Over 0.017-0.024, incl		0.003	0.0025	0.003	0.0035
Over 0.024-0.034, incl		0.0035	0.0035	0.0035	0.004	0.006
Over 0.034-0.057, incl		0.004	0.004	0.0045	0.005	0.007	0.009
Over 0.057-0.082, incl			0.005	0.006	0.007	0.00s	0.010	0.012
Over 0.082-0.119, incl			0.007	0.00s	0.009	0.010	0.012	0.014
Over 0.119-0.164, incl			0.009	0.010	0.011	0.012	0.014	0.016
Over 0.164-0.219, incl			0.011	0.012	0.013	0.015	0.017	0.019
Over 0.219-0.283, incl				0.015	0.016	0.01s	0.020	0.022
^A In the case of rectangular tube the major dimension determines the thickness tolerance applicable to all walls.
Average Diameter Tolerances for Copper and Copper- Alloy Tube^A (Applicable to Specifications B 68, B 75, B 135, and B 743)

Specified Diameter, in.			Tolerance, Plus and Minus, in.
Up to 1/8, incl			0.003
Over 1/8 -5/8 , incl			0.004
Over 5/8-1, incl			0.005
Over 1-2, incl			0.006
Over 2-3, incl			0.007
Over 3-4, incl			0.008
Over 4-5, incl			0.009
Over 5-6, incl			0.010
Over 6-8, incl			0.011
Over 8-10, incl			0.012
^AApplicable to inside or outside diameter.
Tolerances on Distance Between Parallel Surfaces for Copper and Copper-Alloy Rectangular and Square Tube (Applicable to Specifications B 75, B 135, and B 743)

Dimension a or b (see sketches), in.			Tolerances, in.
Up to 1/8 , incl			0.003
Over 1/8 – 5/8 , incl			0.004
Over 5/8 -1, incl			0.005
Over 1-2, incl			0.006
Over 2-3, incl			0.007
Over 3-4, incl			0.008
Over 4-5, incl			0.009
Over 5-6, incl			0.010
Over 6-8, incl			0.011
Over 8-10, incl			0.012
Nominal dimension a determines tolerance applicable to both a and c. Nominal dimension b determines tolerance applicable to both b and d.
Length Tolerances for Copper and Copper-Alloy Tube, Straight Lengths (Applicable to Specifications B 68, B 75, B 135, and B 466/B 466M)

Length	Tolerances, in. Applicable Only to Full-Length Pieces
	For Major Outside Dimensions Up to 1 in., incl		For Major Outside Dimensions Over 1 to 4 in., incl			For Major Outside Dimensions Over 4 in.
Specific lengths:
Up to 6 in., incl	1/32		1/16
Over 6 in.-2 ft, incl	1/16		3/32			1/8
Over 2-6 ft, incl	3/32		1/8			1/4
Over 6-14 ft, incl	1/4		1/4			1/4
Over 14 ft	1/2		1/2			1/2
Specific lengths with ends	1		1			1
Stock lengths with or without ends	1^A		1^A			1^A
^AAs stock lengths are cut and placed in stock in advance of orders, departure from this tolerance is not practicable.
Schedule of Tube Lengths (Specific and Stock) with Ends for Copper and Copper-Alloy Tube (Applicable to Specifications B 68, B 75, B 135 and B 466/B 466M)

Major Outside Dimensions, in.	Specific Length, ft		Shortest Permissible Length,APercent of Specific Length			Maximum Permissible Weight of Ends, Percent of Lot Weight
Up to 1, incl	6-20, incl		70			20
Over 1-2, incl	6-20, incl		60			25
Over 2-3, incl	6-20, incl		55			30
Over 3-4, incl	6-20, incl		50			40
^A Expressed to the nearest 12 ft.
Straightness Tolerances for Copper and Copper-Alloy TubeA in Any Drawn Temper (Applicable to Specifications B 75, B 135, B 466/B 466M and B 643)

NOTE 1—Applies to round tube in any drawn temper from V4 (6.35) to 3V2 in. (88.9 mm), incl, in outside diameter.
Length, ft^B			Maximum Curvature (Depth of Arc), in.
Over 3-6, incl			3/16
Over 6-8, incl			5/16
Over 8-10, incl			1/2
^A Not applicable to pipe, redraw tube, extruded tube or any annealed tube. ^B For lengths greater than 10 ft the maximum curvature shall not exceed 12 in. in any 10-ft portion of the total length.

Permissible Radii for Commercially Square Corners for Copper and Copper-Alloy Rectangular and Square Tube (Applicable to Specifications B 75, B 135, and B 743)

Wall Thickness, in.	Maximum Radii, in.
	Outside Corners				Inside Corners
Up to 0.058, incl	3/64				1/32
Over 0.058-0.120, incl	1/16				1/32
Over 0.120-0.250, incl	3/32				1/32
Over 0.250	none established				none established

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